I make obeisance to the Divine Being, who is
visible on the crest of the Vedas, who is the
fountain of eternal bliss, and whose abode is
reached by Vimaanas or Aeroplanes. Having
studied the Shaastraas or sciences propounded by
previous men of science to the best of my
ability, for the benefit of mankind, I shall
deal with the science of Aeronautics, which is
the essence of the Vedas, which will be a source
of joy and benefit to humanity, which will
facilitate comfortable travel in the sky from
world to world, in eight chapters, consisting of
100 topics, in 500 sutras or cryptic
pronouncements.
Commentary by Bodhaananda:
I bow to God Mahadeva and His Consort, to
Saraswathi Goddess of learning, to Ganapathy
guardian of benevolent efforts, and to my
venerable preceptor, and I bow to Maharshi
Bharadwaaja. In Addition to my own knowledge of
Logic, I have five times turned over Vaalmeeki's
Mathematics, 'Paribhaashaa Chandrikaa,' and
'Naamaarthhakalpaka,' and aided by their
authority, I, Swaamy Bodhaananda, for the easy
understanding of the young, have written this
'Bodhananda Vritti,' to elucidate Maharshi
Bharadwaaja's concisely worded text on
Aeronautics.
At the outset Maharshi Bharadwaaja invokes
God in the traditional manner for the successful
commencement, progress, and completion of his
great literary work. Attaining mastery over the
Vedas by Divine Grace, and studying the works of
earlier Aachaaryaas or preceptors, he has
churned the Vedic lore, and extracting the,
cream, presented it to mankind for reaping
untold benefits, in the work named
'Yantrasarvasva.' In the fortieth chapter
therein he deals with the science of
Aeronautics, explaining the construction and use
of many kinds of aeroplanes, in 8 chapters,
containing 100 subject heads, comprising 500
sutras or oracular pronouncements.
In the first stanza the reference is to the
teaching of the sacred works,
"Uttara-taapaneeya," 'Shaibya-prasna,'
'Kaataka,' and 'Maandookya,' that the symbolic
letter, 'Om,' leads to the knowledge of God and
Salvation. Bharadwaaja implies that the Vimaana
or aeroplane constructed according to Vymaanika
Shaastra, may enable men to reach God, and enjoy
the benefits of His Divine abode.
The previous Aachaaryaas Bharadwaaja refers
to are named by Vishwanaatha as,--Naaraayana,
Shownaka, Garga, Vaachaspathi, Chaakraayani and
Dhundinaatha, venerable authors of
"Vimaana-Chandrikaa", "Vyomayaana-Tantra,"
"Yantra-Kalpa", "Yaana-Bindu," "Kheta-yaana
Pradeepikaa," and "Vyomayaana-Arkaprakaasha,"
respectively.
Bharadwaaja thus defines the word Vimaana:
☞
Vega-Saamyaat Vimaano Andajaanaam. Sootra 1.
"Owing to similarity of speed with birds, it is
named Vimaana."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
The word "andaja" means "egg-born", and
includes eagles and other birds which fly by
their own volition. The Vimaana is a vehicle
which flies in the sky with speed comparable
with birds.
Lallachaarya says, "That which can fly in the
sky with speed equal to that of birds, is called
Vimaana."
Aachaarya Naaraayana says,
"That which can speed on earth, on water,
through air, by its own power, like a bird, is a
"Vimaana."
Shankha says, "Experts in the science of
aeronautics say, "That which can fly through air
from one place to another is a Vimaana"
And Vishwambhara says, "Experts say that that
which can fly through air from one country to
another country, from one island to another
island, and from one world to another world, is
a "Vimaana"."
Having thus defined the name of the Vimaana,
the sage proceeds to describe its details.
☞
Rahasyagnyodhikaaree. Sootra 2.
"The pilot is one who knows the secrets."
Bodhaananda: Scientists say that there are 32
secrets of the working of the Vimaana. A pilot
should acquaint himself thoroughly with them
before
he can be deemed competent to handle the
aeroplane. He must know the structure of the
aeroplane, know the means of its take off and
ascent to the sky, know how to drive it and how
to halt it when necessary, how to manoeuvre it
and make it perform spectacular feats in the sky
without crashing. Those secrets are given in
"Rahasya-Lahari" and other works, by Lalla and
other masters, and are described thus:
"The pilot should have had training in
maantrica and taantrica, kritaka and
antaraalaka, goodha or hidden, drishya and
adrishya or seen and unseen, paroksha and
aparoksha, contraction and expansion, changing
shape, look frightening, look pleasing, become
luminous or enveloped in darkness, deluge or
pralaya, vimukha, taara, stun by thunderous din,
jump, move zig-zag like serpent, chaapala, face
all sides, hear distant sounds, take pictures,
know enemy manoeuvres, know direction of enemy
approach, stabdhaka or paralyse, and karshana or
exercise magnetic pull.
These 32 secrets the pilot should learn from
competent preceptors, and only such a person is
fit to be entrusted with an aeroplane, and not
others.
They are explained thus by Siddhanaatha:
1. Maantrika; As prescribed in
"Mantraadhikaara," by invoking the mantras of
Chhinnamasta, Bhairavee, Veginee, Siddhaamba,
acquire the powers of ghutikaa, paadukaa,
visible and invisible and other mantraas with
potent herbs and efficacious oils, and
Bhuvaneswaree Mantra which confers spiritual and
mesmeric powers, to construct aeroplanes, which
don't break cannot be cut, cannot be burnt, and
cannot be destroyed.
2. Taantrika: By acquiring Mahaamaaya,
Shambara, and other taantric powers, to endow
the plane with those powers.
3. Kritaka: By study of architects
like Vishwakarma, Chhaayaaparusha, Mann, Maya
and others, to construct aeroplanes of various
patterns.
4. Antaraala: In the wind-swept
atmospheric region of the sky, in the clash at
the borders of mighty currents, an inadvertent
plane is likely to be smashed to pieces. But by
getting warned of the approach of such danger
spots, the plane could be halted and steered
with care.
5. Goodha: As explained in
'Vaayutatva-Prakarana', by harnessing the
powers, Yaasaa, Viyaasaa, Prayaasaa in the 8th
atmospheric layer covering the earth, to attract
the dark content of the solar ray, and use it to
hide the Vimaana from the enemy.
6. Drishya: By collision of the
electric power and wind power in the atmosphere,
a glow is created, whose reflection is to be
caught in the Vishwa-Kriyaa-darapana or mirror
at the front of the Vimana, and by its
manipulation produce a Maaya-Vimaana or
camouflaged Vimana.
7. Adrishya: According to
"Shaktitantra", by means of the Vynarathya
Vikarana and other powers in the heart centre of
the solar mass, attract the force of the
ethereal flow in the sky, and mingle it with the
balaahaavikarana shakti in the aerial globe,
producing thereby a white cover, which will make
the Vimana invisible.
8. Paroksha: According to
"Meghotpatthi-prakarana," or the science of the
birth of clouds, by entering the second of the
summer cloud layers, and attracting the power
therein with the shaktyaakarshana darpana or
force-attraction mirror in the Vimana, and
applying it to the parivesha or halo of the
Vimaana, a paralysing force is generated, and
opposing Vimaanas are paralysed and put out of
action.
9. Aparoksha: According to
'Shakti-tantra,' by projection of the Rohinee
beam of light, things in front of the Vimaana
are made visible.
10. Sankocha, or Contraction: As
prescribed in the Yantraangopasamhaara section,
when the Vimaana is flying at speed with fully
extended wings, and there is danger ahead,
turning the 7th switch in the Vimana, its parts
can be made to contract.
11. Vistrita: According to
'Akaashatantra', when the Vimana is in the
central air flood in the third and first regions
of the sky, by turning the switch in the 11th
section of plane, it becomes expanded suitably
according to "Vaalmeeki Ganita."
12. Viroopa Karana: As stated in
"Dhooma Prakarana", by producing the 32nd kind
of smoke through the mechanism, and charging it
with the light of the heat waves in the sky, and
projecting it through the padmaka chakra tube to
the bhyravee oil-smeared Vyroopya-darpana at the
top of the Vimaana, and whirling with 132nd type
of speed, a very fierce and terrifying shape of
the Vimana will emerge, causing utter fright to
onlookers.
13. Roopaantara: As stated in
"Tylaprakarana," by preparing griddhrajihwaa,
kumbhinee, and kaakajangha oils and anointing
the distorting mirror in the Vimaana with them,
applying to it the 19th kind of smoker
and charging with the kuntinee shakti in the
Vimana, shapes like lion, tiger, rhinoceros,
serpent, mountain, river will appear and amaze
observers and confuse them.
14. Suroopa: By attracting the 13
kinds of Karaka force mentioned in "Karaka
prakarana" applying snow-surcharged air and
projecting it through the air conveying tube to
the pushpinee-pinjula mirrors in the front right
side of the Vimana, and focusing on it the
suragha beam, a heavenly damsel bedecked with
flowers and jewels will appear to onlookers of
the Vimana.
15. Jyotirbhaava: As stated in
"Amshubodhinee," out of Samgnaana and other 16
digits of the solar glow, by attracting the 12th
to the 16th digits and focusing them on the air
force in the Mayookha section in the fourth
pathway in the sky, and similarly by attracting
the force of the etherial glow and mingling it
with the glow in the 7th layer of air mass, and
then by projecting both these forces through the
5 tubes in the Vimana on to the section of the
guhaa-garbha mirror, a rich glow like the
morning glow of the sun will be produced.
16. Tamomaya: As described in "Darpana
Prakarana," by means of the dark force mirror,
capture the force of darkness, pass it through
the Thamo-Yantra in the north-west side of the
Vimana, and by turning a switch produce at
noon-day the utter darkness of the night of the
new-moon.
17. Pralaya: As described in the magic
book of destruction, attract the 5 kinds of
smoke through the tube of the contracting
machine in the front part of the Vimana, and
merge it in the cloud-smoke mentioned in
"Shadgarbha Viveka", and pushing it by electric
force through the five-limbed aerial tube,
destroy everything as in a cataclysm.
18. Vimukha: As mentioned in
"Rig-hridaya", by projecting the force of
Kubera, Vimukha and Vyshawaanara poison powder
through the third tube of the roudree mirror and
turning the switch of the air mechanism, produce
wholesale insensibility and coma.
19. Taara: By mixing with etherial
force 10 parts of air forte, 7 parts of water
force, and 16 parts of solar glow, and
projecting it by means of the star-faced mirror
through the frontal tube of the Vimana; the
appearance of a star-spangled sky is created.
20. Mahaashabda Vimohana: By
concentrating the air force in the seven tubes
of the Vimana, and turning the switch, produce,
as stated in "Shabda prakaashikaa" a crescendo
of thunderous din, which stuns people, and makes
them quake with fear and become insensible.
21. Langhana: As stated in "Vaayu
tattva prakarana" When crossing from one air
stream into another, the Vimana faces the
baadaba glow of the sun and catches fire. In
order to prevent that, the electric force and
air force in the Vimana should be conjoined and
centred in the life-centre of the Vimana, and by
turning the switch, the Vimana will leap into
safety.
22. Saarpa-Gamana: By attracting the
dandavaktra and other seven forces of air, and
joining with solar rays, passing it through the
zig-zagging centre of the Vimana, and turning
the switch, the Vimana will have a zig-zagging
motion like a serpent.
23. Chaapala: On sighting an enemy
plane, by turning the switch in the force centre
in the middle section of the Vimana, a 4087
revolutions an hour atmospheric wave speed will
be generated, and shake up the enemy plane.
24. Sarvatomukha: When a formation of
enemy planes comes to attack one's Vimana, by
turning the switch at the crown of the Vimana,
make it revolve with agility and face all sides.
25. Parashabda Graahaka: As explained
in "Sowdaaminee kalaa" or science of
electronics, by means of the sound capturing
yantra in the Vimana, to hear the talks and
sounds in enemy planes flying in the sky.
26. Roopaakarshana: By means of the
photographic yantra in the Vimana to obtain a
television view of things inside an enemy plane.
27. Kriyaagrahana: By turning the key
at the bottom of the Vimana, a white cloth is
made to appear. By electrifying the three acids
in the north-east part of the Vimana, and
subjecting them to the 7 kinds of solar rays,
and passing the resultant force into the tube of
the Thrisheersha mirror and making the cloth
screen face the mirror, and switching on the
upper key, all the activities going on down
below on the ground, will be projected on the
screen.
28. Dikpradarshana: Turning the key at
the front of the Vimana the dishaampati yantra
will show the direction from which the enemy
plane is approaching.
29. Aakaashaakaara: According to
"Aakaasha-tantra", by mixing black mica solution
with neem and bhoonaaga decoctions and smearing
the solution on the outer body of the Vimana
made of mica plates, and exposing to solar rays,
the plane will look like the sky and become
indistinguishable.
30. Jalada roopa: Mixing pomegranate
juice, bilva or bael oil, copper-salt, kitchen
smoke, granthika or gugul liquid, mustard
powder, and fish scale decoctions, and adding
sea-shell and rock-salt powder, and collecting
smoke of the same solution and spreading it with
solar heat enveloping the cover, the Vimana will
have the appearance of a cloud.
31. Stabdhaka: By projecting apasmaara
poison-fume smoke through the tube on the north
side on the Vimana, and discharging it with
stambhana-yantra, people in enemy planes will be
made unconscious.
32. Karshana: When enemy planes come
in strength to destroy one's Vimana, by setting
aflame the Jwaalinee shakit in the
Vyshwaanara-naala or pipe located at the navel
of the plane, and switching the keys of the two
wheels to 87 degrees of heat, the burning shakti
will envelope the enemy plane and destroy it.
These are the 32 rahasyaas or secrets which
should be known by pilots according to
Siddhanaatha.
"Maargaadhikaranam " Aerial Routes:
☞
Panchagnyascha. Sootra 3.
"The pilot should know five things."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
As the secrets of aeronautics are indicated
in the second sutra, the five atmospheric
regions are referred to in the third sutra.
According to Shownaka, the regions of the sky
are five, named, Rekhaapathha, Mandala, Kakshya,
Shakti, and Kendra.
In these 5 atmospheric regions, there are
5,19,800 air ways traversed by Vimanas of the
Seven Lokas or worlds, known as Bhooloka,
Bhuvarloka, Suvarloka, Maholoka, Janoloka,
Tapoloka and Satyaloka.
Dhundinaatha and "Vaalmeeki Ganita" state
that Rekha has 7,03,00,800 air routes, Mandala
has 20,08,00200 air routes, Kakshya has
2,09,00,300 air routes, Shakti has 10,01,300 air
routes, and Kendra has 30,08,200 air routes.
According to "Vaalmeeki Ganita" in the
Rekhaapathha region, sections 1 to 4 are
suitable for the passage of the Vimanas of this
Bhooloka. In the Mandala region sections 3 to 5
are suitable for Vimanas of Bhuvarloka,
Suvarloka, and Maholoka dwellers. For the
Janoloka Vimanas sections 2 to 5 in the Kakshya
region are suitable. Section 1 to 6 in the
Shakti region are suitable for the Vimanas of
Tapoloka. For the dwellers of Bramhaloka
sections 3 to 11 in the Kendra region are
suitable, according to shaastras like "Vaalmeeki
Ganita" and others.
Maharashi Bharadwaaja:
☞
Aavartaascha. Sootra 4.
"Whirl-Pools"
Aavartaas or aerial whirlpools are
innumerable in the above regions. Of them the
whirlpools in the routes of Vimanas are five. In
the Rekhapathha there occurs "Shaktyaavarta" or
whirlpool of energy. In Mandala-pathha there
occurs the whirlpool of winds. In
Kakshyaa-pathha there occurs Kiranaavarta or
whirlpool from solar rays. In Shakti-pathha
there occurs shytyaavarta or whirlpool of
cold-currents. And in Kendra-pathha there occurs
gharshanaavartha or whirl-pool by collision.
Such whirlpools are destructive of Vimanas, and
have to be guarded against.
The pilot should know these five sources of
danger, and learn to steer clear of them to
safety.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
Angaanyekatrimsat. Sootra 5.
"The parts are thirty one"
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Just as the human body, if it is complete in
all its limbs, is best able to accomplish
things, the Vimana, if it is complete in all its
parts, will be capable of functioning
efficiently. From the location of the
Vishwakriyaadarpana
"The clothing should be different for different
seasons."
The sootra defines the clothing which is to
be provided to the pilot in accordance with
different seasonal conditions. The impact of the
sun's myriad rays on the revolving earth causes
seasonal climatic changes. Their effects on
human life are either wholesome or unwholesome,
as the case may be. The latter cause cramps,
drain blood, and denude the body of fat, flesh,
and other ingredients. The evil forces of the
seasons are reckoned as 25, and affect the skin,
bone, flesh, fat, muscles, nerves, joints and
other parts of the pilots' body. The clothing
provided to them should be such as to safeguard
against such effects, and maintain their
efficiency.
According to "Pata-samskaara Ratnaakara",
silk, cotton, moss, hair, mica, leather, are to
be purified by 25 processes, washed with
mica-saturated water, and spun into yarn as
prescribed by Gaalava. Then fibres from the
ketaki flower palm, arka or swallow wort or
madar, sun flower tree, cocoanut and jute,
should each be purified 8 times as prescribed
and by 19 processes, spun into yarn, and woven
into cloth. Then the cloth should be soaked in
the oils of linseed, tulasi or basil,
goose-berry, shamee or acacia suma, bael, and
mustard, and dried in the sun 5 times daily for
7 days. Then yellow ochre, lac, tamarind, honey
and gingelly manure and mica in equal parts and
yena-kshaara salt, put in a crucible vessel,
placed in koorma furnace, and boiled with the
aid of 3 faced bellows. 8 seers of linseed juice
should be added to it. Bees wax, mica,
shinjeera, vajra, borax, and ashoka fruit should
be boiled, and their oil mixed with the other
composition, and boiled in garbhataapana yantra.
Then the cloth should be soaked in that
decoction and dried 5 times. With this material,
fashioning the apparel and
clothes of the pilots handsomely, according
to the types of the cloth and requirements the
crew, as prescribed by Agnimitra, and handing it
to them to wear, they should be conferred
benediction, given a protective amulet and then
sent out with cheers. It will ward off evils,
promote fitness of body and health of mind, and
improve their strength, energy, and competence.
Aahaaraadhikaranam: On Food
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Aahaarah Kalpabhedaat" Sootra 7.
"Food according to Seasons."
Bodhaananda Vrritti:
As stated in Kalpa Sootra, the food of the
pilots is of three kinds, according to the
seasons. "Ashana-Kalpa" or "Principles of Diet",
says--"During the spring and summer months, the
pilot's food should consist of buffalo-milk
among liquids, among grains aadhaka or
tuvar-dhal, and among flesh, the flesh of sheep.
In the 4 months of rains and autumn, cow's
milk among liquids, wheat and black-gram among
grains, and flesh of cocks and hens.
In the 4 months of winter and snow,
goat's-milk, yava and black-gram among grains,
and flesh of sparrows.
For pilots belonging to the three Dwija
castes of Braahmin, Kshatriya and Vyshya, the
food will not include flesh.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Visha Naashas Tribhyaha" Sootra 8.
"The three Varieties ward off seasonal evil
effects"
Bodhaananda Vritti:
The 25 kinds of poisonous effects of the
seasons are warded off by alteration in the food
so as to suit the seasonal conditions.
The seasons are each differently conditioned
by the changes in the watery forces in the sky.
The 101 forces in the aerial atmosphere,
colliding with the 1/16th force in the watery
sky in the seventh region, at the sineevaalee
and kuhoo yogas or full-moon and new-moon
conjunctions, produce maleficent and beneficent
effects. The beneficent forces are 7,58,00,700
in number, and the maleficent forces also are of
the same number, according to "Vaalmeeki
Ganita". The beneficent effects are during the
full moon period, and the maleficent effects
during the new-moon period. 25 maleficent
poisonous forces known as Bhedinee, tend to
paralyse the pilots' physical effeciency. That
is avoided by altering their food according to
seasons. So says Sage Shaataatapa.
By
such adjustment the pilots' physical fitness
will be maintained.
Maharashi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Tat Kaalaanusaaraat iti" Sootra 9.
"That at set times"
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Having defined the seasonal types of food,
the meal times are now defined. According to
Shownaka, the times for taking meals are
prescribed as follows: Family men should take
food twice a day, or once a day. Ascetics should
take food once a day. Others can take food four
times a day. Air pilots should take food 5 times
a day. And yogis may take as many times as they
like.
According to "Lalla-kaarika" or "Diet Rules"
by Lalla,
Food should be taken at the end of the 2nd
yaama-(yaama=3 hours) in the day
time, and at the end of the 1st yaama in the
night. That is for family men. If they take only
one meal a day, it should be during the 3rd and
4th yaamas. Sanyaasis or ascetics who eat only
once a day should dine as above. For the
labouring classes the times are thrice during
day time, and once in the night. For pilots of
Vimanas the meals are thrice during day time,
and twice at night.
"If
unavailable, then vitamin pills or food-balls"
Bodhaananda Vritti:
If the prescribed food-stuffs are not
available for use during their flights, then
essence extracts made by proper cooking with
admixture of spices and condiments into potable
and eatable form, or food balls-made out of them
should be supplied to the pilots for consumption
on flights.
Says "Ashana kalpa" or "Food manual",
"There are 5 kinds of food, that are
nutritious and wholesome; cooked rice or grain,
gruel, cooked flour, baked flat bread, and
preparations made out of essence-extracts from
food materials. The last named are superior to
all the others".
"Paakasarvasva" or "Art of cooking" observes,
"Removing the husk and other non-food parts
from it by machines, the grain should be made
into flour and cooked in a suitable vessel and
when it has reached the 8th degree of reduction,
add essences, sweets, condiments, and ghee, and
prepare food-balls, having nice flavour and
delicious taste, and being nourishing to the
body.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Phala Moola Kanda Saarovaa." Sootra 11.
"Or
essence of fruits, roots, and bulbs."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
In this sootra it is stated that preparations
made from edible roots, potato and other bulbous
vegetables, and from fruits are also suitable as
food.
"Ashana-Kalpa" says,
If food made of grains is not available, that
from roots, bulbs, and fruits may by used as
food, in the form of flour, sugarcandy,
manjoosha or jaggery, honey, milk, ghee,
oily-products, and roots and berries which
contain sweet, salt, pungent, acrid, and
alkaline tastes. Such roots are said to be 56 in
number. They should be purified, powdered, and
duly cooked, and made into balls, and given out
for use as food.
Similarly the bulbous vegetables which are of
16 kinds, and fruits which are of 32 kinds, and
food prepared out of them are excellent food,
Food from roots develops brain, nourishes the
body, strengthens the bones, and gives virility.
Food from bulbs promotes brilliance, and bodily
vigour, and strengthens the life current. Food
from fruits nourishes mind, intelligence, blood,
flesh, and vital liquids. Therefore these
alternatives are recommended for pilots of
Vimanas.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Apicha Trinaadeenam." Sootra 12.
"Even grasses, herbs and shrubs."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
This sootra indicates that even grasses,
herbage, and creepers, could be made to yield
food.
Says "Ashana-Kalpa",
Like roots, bulbs and fruits, grasses, shrubs
and herbs, provide good food for men. Six kinds
of doorva grass, 6 kinds of munja hemp, 6 kinds
of darbha or long grass, 6 kinds of shoundeera,
and 6 kinds of Ashwakarna or sal, or mimordica
charantia, Shatamoolee of 3 kinds, Kaaruvellee;
Chandravellee, Madhuvellee, Varchulee, Makutee
vellee, sugandhaa, and sooryavellee may be made
to yield good food, nutritious and bracing.
Selected by men who know them well, these
vegetation, including their flowers, shoots, and
leaves, by proper cleaning and cooking, may be
made to yield solid or liquid food, which will
serve as satisfactory substitute food for pilots
of Vimanas. And Somavallee or moon-plant,
Chakrikaa, Rasavallikaa, Kooshmandavallee,
Ikshuvallee, Pishtavallaree, Sooryakaanta,
Chandrakaanta, Meghanaada, Punarnava, Avantee,
Vaastu, Matsyaakshee, and Rukma and others,
provide good bases for lasting food, duly mixed
with sweets and condiments.
Having dealt with clothing and food for
pilots, now the metals suitable for aeroplanes
are being dealt with.
Says Shounaka:
There are 3 kinds of metals named somaka,
soundaalika, and mourthwika. By mixing them, 16
kinds of heat-absorbing metals are produced.
Their names are ushnambhara, ushnapaa,
ushnahana, raajaamlatrit, veerahaa, panchaghna,
agnitrit, bhaarahana, sheetahana, garalaghna,
amlahana, vishambhara, vishalyakrit, vijamitra
and Vaatamitra etc.
"Maanibhadra Kaarika," or "Dictas of
Manibhadra," Says, "Metals which are light, and
are suitable for producing aeroplanes are 16.
They are heat absorbing, and should be used in
the manufacture of aeroplanes."
Saamba also says that the 16 metals formed by
mixing the root metals, soma, soundaala and
mourthwika, are non-heat-conductors and are
useful for Vimanas. Their characteristics are
now examined.
In the 7th layer of the earth, in the third
mine therein, metals of the Soma series are
found. They are of 38 kinds. Among them there
are three from which Ooshmalohas or heat
resisting metals are to be extracted.
"Lohatantra" or "Science of Metals" also says
that in the 3rd section of the 7th layer of the
earth, Metals of Souma class, possessed of 5
special qualities, are called "beejalohas" or
"root-metals".
There are 3000 metal bearing layers within
the earth. Of them 1300 layers contain the
better quality. In the 7th layer metals are of
27 types. The 3rd type of metals are of
five-fold qualities, and are known as root
metals. The origin of metals of the Soma class
is thus described in "Lohakalpa.":
"The gravity of the centre of the earth, the
gravity of global earth, the solar flood, the
air force, the force emanating from the planets
and stars, the sun's and moon's gravitational
forces, and the gravitational force of the
Universe, all together enter the layers of the
earth in the proportion of 3, 8, 11, 5, 2, 6, 4,
9, and, aided by the heat and moisture therein,
cause the origin of metals, of various
varieties, grades and qualities."
The Souma group of metals are named, as per
sage Atri, in "Naamaartha Kalpa". "Souma,
Sowmyaka, Soundaasya, Soma, Panchaanana,
Praanana, Shankha, Kapila are the names of the
Souma metals, with distinct qualities indicated
by their names."
The name "Souma" consists of sounds, s, on,
ma, and ha, "Paribhaasha Chandrika" and
"Vishwambhara Kaarikaa" state, "The oceanic
force and solar force instil 4 kinds of forces
into root metals. The sum total of the forces
are said, according to "Vaalmeeki Ganitha" to
number 1, 67, 768. Some of these forces are
indicated by the sound "s" Some of the forces
emanating from the sun and the elements are
indicated by the sound "ou". Similarly other
concerned forces are indicated by the letters
"ma" and "ha".
The Varuna and Soorya force contents of all
root metals are of four groups. In each group
the force content is said to be 1, 67, 768. Of
the Koorma and Kashyapa forces of Vaaruna group,
the 67th from Ooshaa koorma, and the 85th
Kaashyapa force, called "Kaala", are indicated
by the letter "Sa".
Of the solar group of forces, maartaanda and
bhoota 71st, and the ruchika force 160 are
indicated by the sound "ra". Similarly, of the
forces of sun and stars in aditi, the 9th called
"Sundaa", and the stellar force 101 called
"Bhowma" are indicated by the letter "Ma". And
in the dhruva varga, soma and baadaba forces,
109 and 14 respectively, are indicated by the
visarga sound "ha".
The four forces working inside the earth, by
flux of time mature into the Souma type metal.
In Soundaala metal, the 11th force, dhanadaa,
in Koorma is indicated by letter "sa". The 110th
Kaashyapee force, rook, is indicated by the
sound
[paragraph continues] "ow". The
sun's 100 powered dravamukhee shakti, and
bhoota-shakti known as anvee 700 powered, are
together indicated by the anuswaara sound "m".
The sun's kaantaa shakti 49, and the stars' 25
shaktis, varchaa, are indicated by the letter
"da". Similarly the soma forces in dhruva varga,
is indicated by the long "aa" in "daa". The
moon's 364 ujwalaa and baadabaa's 500 known as
kaala are indicated by the letter "la".
That is "Soundaala".
Regarding the third, "Mourtwika",
Koormashakti, paarthiva 1300, is indicated by
the letter "ma". Kaasyapa shakti, kaalima 2001,
is indicated by the sound "ow". Maartaanda
shakti, laaghava 260, is indicated by the sound
"r": bhootashakti, vaarchulee 37, by the letter
"tha": stellar force, rukshmaka 1063, is
indicated by the letter "va". Arkashakti, varuna
113, is indicated by the sound "e": soma force
rijukaa 8009, and pooshnikaa 1012, are
indicated. by the letter, "ka".
Taking soma metal first, it should be filled
in a wide-brimmed vessel and adding jambeera or
citron juice, likucha or lime juice, vyaaghra or
castor, chinchaa or tamarind, and jamboo or rose
apple juices, it should be boiled to 27th degree
of heat for a day. Then taking it out and
washing it, it should be boiled in 5 kinds of
oils, 4 kinds of acids, and 7 kinds of
decoctions.
They are named in "Samskaara Darpana":
Gunjaa or wild liquorice, Kanjala, castor,
kunjara, and karanja or Indian beach oils,
praana-kshara, viranchi, kanchuki, and khura
acids, and hingoo or asafoetida, parpata,
ghontikaaa, jataa-maamsee or spikenard, white
gourd or Vidaaraanginee, and matsyaakshee
decoctions.
That is the process of purification of soma
metal.
The purification of Soundaala metal is like
that of soma with regard to boiling in the
cauldron, but the process of purification is
with 6 acids, 7 oils, and 5 decoctions. They
are, according to Samskaara Darpana."--
Ingaala or, ingudee, gouree or reddish herb,
couries, grapes, rata, aapya, and ulbana oils,
ankola, mushti, shankha, bhallaataka, kaakola,
and virancha acids, and kuluththa or horsegram,
nishpaava, sarshapa or mustard, aadhaka, and
wheat decoctions or gruels.
Mourthweeka metal also should be baked like
soundaala, and then should be boiled with
shivaari oil, kudupa acid and vishambharee
leather decoction.
Having defined the root-metals and their
purification, we next consider the casting of
Ooshmapaa loha.
SECOND CHAPTER
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Oosh mapaastriloha Mayaaha." Sootra 1.
"Ooshmapaa metals are made up of 3 metals."
The heat-proof metals are made out of the
three, Souma, Soundaala, and Morthweeka
mentioned in the previous chapter. It is said in
"Loha Ratnaakara" that each of the three yields
varieties of seed metals. Their names are, in
souma group,--souma, soumyaka, sundaasya, soma,
panchaanana, ooshmapa, shaktigarbha, jaangalika,
praanana, shankha, and laaghava; The names of
the metals of soundeera origin, are viranchi,
souryapa, shanku, ushna, soorana, shinjikaa,
kanku, ranjika, soundeera, mugdha, and
ghundaaraka. In the mourthweeka group, the 11
are anuka, dvyanuka, kanka, tryanuka,
shvetaambara, mridambara, baalagarbha, kuvarcha,
kantaka, kshvinka and laghvika.
The said metals are to be mixed in requisite
proportions and melted. It is said in
"Lohatantra" that ushnambhara metal is produced
by mixing numbers 10, 5, 8 of soma, soundala,
mourthweeka groups of metals respectively in the
proportion of 1, 3, 7, and mixing with one third
the quantity of tankana or borax and melting in
the crucible. Similarly taking metals no, 3, 5,
and 7 respectively in the three groups in the
proportion of 4, 1, and 8, and mixing with
tankana, and melting in crucible, the metal
ooshma is obtained. Metal ooshmahana is produced
by melting metals 2, 5, and 9 from the three
groups in the proportion of 6, 3, and 7, with
tankana. Metal Raaja is produced by melting nos.
3, 8, and 2 of the three groups as before.
Similarly metal Aamlatrit is produced by taking
numbers 9, 7, 1 in the three metal groups, in
the proportion of 10, 7, 8 and mixing with
tankana and melting as prescribed.
Similarly metals 6, 4, 5, respectively in the
proportion of 5, 5, 12, melted with tankana or
borax, will yield the metal veerahaa. The metal
panchaghna is got by taking numbers 8, 6, and 4
of the three groups in the proportion of 20, 18,
26, and mixing with tankana or borax and
melting.
The metal agnitrit is produced by mixing
numbers 5, 2, 10, in the proportion of 30, 20,
and 10, and melting with borax in the crucible.
The metal bhaarahana is produced by mixing
numbers 7, 11, and 6 in the three groups in the
proportion of 5, 12, and 7, mixing with borax,
and melting in the crucible.
To produce metal sheetahana, metals 10, 9,
and 3 in the three groups respectively, in the
proportion of 22, 8, and 10, should be mixed
with borax and melted in the crucible.
Garalaghna is produced by taking numbers 11, 10,
and 11 in the three groups in the proportion of
20, 30, and 8, and melting with borax in the
crucible.
Similarly Aamlahana is produced by taking
numbers 11, 8, and 4 in the three groups in the
proportion of 20, 12, 36, and melting with borax
in the crucible. Metal Vishambhara is produced
by taking numbers 19, 8, and 10 in
the three Ooshmapa groups respectively in the
proportion of 20, 12, and 6, and melting with
borax in the crucible.
Metal vishalyakrit is produced by taking
numbers 3, 5, and 11, in the proportion of 20,
12, and 6, and melting in the crucible with
borax. Dwijamitra is produced by taking numbers
8, 3, and 9 in the pro-portion 5, 8, 10, and
melting with borax in the crucible. And metal
Vaatamitra is produced by taking numbers 8, 6,
and 5 in the three groups of Ooshmapa metals, in
the proportion of 22, 8, and 10, and adding
borax and melting in the crucible.
Mooshaadhikaranam: The Crucible.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Panchamaad dwitheeyay " Sootra 3.
"From the 5th variety in the 2nd group."
According to "Nirnayaadhikaara", the melting
of the superior, medium, and inferior kinds of
metals is to be done in 407 different kinds of
crucibles. They are divided into 12 groups. For
the melting of the root-metals the second group
of crucibles is considered the best.
Lallacharya also states that metallurgists
mention 12 kinds of metals: kritaka or
artificial, apabhramshaka or corrupted, sthalaja
or mud-born, khanija or found in mines, jalaja
or aquatic, dhaatuja or mineral-born,
oshadhivargaja or vegetation-born, krimija or
evolved from vermin, maamsaja or flesh-born,
kshaaraja or grown from salts, baalaja or
hairborn, and andaja or resultant from eggs.
Different classes of crucibles are to be used
for melting different kinds of metals. In the
second class of crucibles there are said to be
40 varieties. Of them, number 5, known as
antarmukha or inward-mouthed, is prescribed for
melting the root-metals.
It is described in "Mooshaakalpa" or art of
making crucibles. 8 parts of gingelly manure or
black-gram flour, 4 parts of metal rust, 3 parts
of metal, 3 parts of laangalee or jussieuea
repens or gloriosa superba, 6 parts of gum
arabic, 2 parts of ruruka, 3 parts of
salt-petre, 5 parts of creepers, 6 parts of
charcoal, 5 parts of 5 kinds of grasses, 4 parts
of paddy husk ashes, 2 parts of red arsenic, 2
parts of naagakesara, 5 parts of varolika
flower, 5 parts of borax, 2 parts of black
laamancha or scented grass or andropogon
muricatus, 5 parts of sindoora or red ochre, 2
parts of gunja seeds or wild liquorice, 4 parts
of sea-foam, all these are to be ground and made
into fine flour, to which are added equal
quantity of gum and 5 parts of earth and dust,
and the whole is baked in a vessel with
shivaaree oil for 3 yaamaas or 9 hours. When the
contents have unified and become properly fluid,
it should be poured through the nozzle into the
crucible mould, and allowed to rest. The
resultant crucible, known as "antarmukha," would
be best suited to melt the metals required for
producing a Vimaana.
Athha Vyaasatikaadhikaranam: The Fire-place.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Athha Kundas-Saptamay-Nava". Sootra 4.
"Then fire-place, number 9 in class 7."
Having dealt with crucible in the last
sootra, we now consider the fire-place.
Experts mention 532 varieties of vyaasatikaas
or fire-places. Of them Koorma-vyaasatika, or
tortoise-shaped fire-place is best suited for
melting the seed-metals for the Vimaana.
Kunda-kalpa or the art of furnace
construction mentions 532 kinds of furnaces.
They are divided into seven classes, each
including 76 varieties. Furnace no. 9 in the 7th
class, is best suited for melting the requisite
metals of the vimaana, and its name is
koorma-vyaasatikaa, or tortoise-shaped furnace.
It is said in "Kunda-nirnaya ", that on a
prepared ground, a quadrilateral or circular
shaped furnace 10 feet wide should be
constructed, shaped like a tortoise. In order to
place the bellows, there should be constructed a
pedestal shaped like a tortoise, and with five
faces. In the middle of the furnace arrangements
should be made for placing the crucible. On
either side of the furnace there should be an
enclosure for stocking charcoal. And on either
side there should be a mechanism for receiving
the molten metal.
"The bellows should be number 16 in the 8th
class."
The making of bellows is referred to in this
sootra. It is said in "Bhastrikaa Nibandhana,"
that as there are 532 kinds of furnaces, there
are 532 kinds of bellows. Narayana also says
that there are 532 varieties of bellows used in
melting metals. They arc divided into 8 classes.
In the eighth class, the variety numbered 16 is
the one suited for the tortoise--shaped furnace.
The construction of bellows is described in the
work "Bhastrikaa-Nibandhana", as follows:
The barks of suitable trees, leather, thick
cloth made from milk cream, bark of areca-nut
palm tree, and trinetra (bael? Bengal Quince?),
shundeera, suranji, silk-cotton, sheneera,
munjaakara, and jute by due processing yield
suitable cloth of 605 varieties with which
pretty and attractive bellows could be made,
with fittings of wood or copper.
THIRD CHAPTER
Darpanaadhikaranam: Mirrors & Lenses.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Darpanaashcha" Sootra 1.
"Mirrors".
Bodhaananda Vritti:
This chapter deals with the mirrors and
lenses which are required to be installed in the
vimaana. They are seven different ones. Their
names are
given by Lalla in "Mukura-kalpa" as
Vishwakriyaadarpana, or television mirror,
Shaktyaakarshana darpana or power-capturing
mirror, Vyroopya darpana or appearance changing
mirror, Kuntinee darpana, Pinjulaa darpana,
Guhaagarbha darpana, and Rowdree darpana or
terrifying darpana.
Vishwakriyaa darpana is to be fixed on a
revolving stand near the pilot so that he could
observe whatever is happening outside on all
sides. Its manufacture is thus described in
Kriyaasaara:
Two parts of satva, 2 parts of shundilaka,
one part of eagle bone, 5 parts of mercury, 2
parts of the foot-nails of sinchoranee, 6 parts
of mica, 5 parts of red lead, 8 parts of pearl
dust, 18 parts of the eyeballs of sowmyaka fish,
one part burning coal, 8 parts of snake's
slough, 3 parts of eye pigment, 6 parts of
maatrunna, 10 parts of granite sand, 8 parts of
salts, 4 of lead, 2 parts of sea foam, 3 parts
of white throated eagle's skin, 7 parts of
bamboo salt, 5 parts of vyraajya or white keg
tree bark, these ingredients should be purified,
and weighed, and filled in a beaked crucible and
placed in the furnace called chandodara and
subjected to a 800 degree heat, and when duly
liquified, should be poured into the funnel of
the kara-darpana yantra or hand-mirror mould.
The result will be an excellent mirror in which
will be reproduced minute details of the
phenomena outside.
Next Shaktyaakarshana darpana:
As the vimaana flies through the regions of
the sky, three classes of destructive forces
tend to overcome it. This mirror is capable of
neutralising and overcoming their effects.
Dhundinaathaachaarya also says: The wind,
solar rays, and fire are known as trivargas.
Each of the three has 122 evil effects on the
plane's pilot. Those evil forces this mirror
will absorb and nullify.
Paraankusha also says: There are certain
crucial regions in the air routes of the
vimaana, at which the wind, solar heat and fire
have 366 malefic influences, and
shaktyaakarshana mirror is meant to safeguard
against them. It is to be prepared as follows:
5 parts of haritaala or yellow orpiment, 5
parts of virinchi, 8 parts of salts, 4 parts of
gingelly husk, 6 parts of diamond, 1 of red
mica, 8 parts of burning coal, 3 parts of sand,
2 parts of tortoise egg, 3 parts of bhaarani, 3
parts of kanda, 5 parts of powshkala, 5 of
coral, 2 of pearl, 6 of sea-shell,
[paragraph continues] 8 of borax,
3 parts of Bengal quince seed, and 5 of shankha
or conch, cleaned, powdered, filled in swan
crucible, placed in mandooka furnace and boiled
to 500 degrees and poured slowly into
vistritaa-mirror yantra will yield a fine
shaktyaakarshana mirror.
The Vyroopya--darpana Mirror:
When enemy planes with men intent on
intercepting and destroying your vimaana attack
you with all the means at their disposal, the
viroopya-darpana will frighten them into retreat
or render them unconscious and leave you free to
destroy or rout them. The darpana, like a
magician, will change the appearance of your
vimaana into such frightening shapes that the
attacker will be dismayed or paralysed. There
are 27 such different shapes that are said to be
possible. Sammohana-kriyaa-kaanda, or the work
dealing with the methods causing insensibility,
mentions 17 of them. They are fire, water, wind,
thunder, lightning, fumes, scorpion, bear, lion,
tiger, and giant-sized frightful birds.
The manufacture of this mirror is thus given
in Darpana-prakarana:
5 parts of bone salt, 3 parts zinc, 3 of lac,
8 of iron, 3 parts of shashabola, 2 of
raajakurantika, 8 parts of charcoal ashes, 3 of
borax, 8 parts of nakhaa, 7 of sand, 6 of
matrunna, 2 of sun-crystal, 3 parts of poora or
lime, 25 of mercury, 3 of yellow orpiment, 4
parts of silver, 6 of kravyaada, 8 of garada, 3
of pishta, 4 parts of arshoghna root, 3 parts of
vaaraaha pittha, 3 of ammonium chloride, 25 of
liquorice oil, taking these and 7 times
purifying, filling in crucible, and placing in
furnace and boiling it to 800 degrees and
pouring into Darpanaasya yantra, will yield an
excellent Vyraajaka mirror.
The Kuntinee Mirror:
We now consider the Kuntinee mirror. The wise
say that the mirror by the glare of whose rays
people's minds get deranged is Kuntinee mirror.
Paraankusha says that in the region of the solar
electric heat waves of the sky, seven streams of
poisonous whirl-winds derange the mind.
Scientists have discovered the Kuntinee mirror
as a protection against that evil effect.
In "Sammohana-kriyaa-kaanda," the evil forces
are described as follows:
Fat, blood, flesh, marrow, bone, skin,
intelligence are adversely affected by the evil
wind currents known as gaalinee, kuntinee,
kaalee, pinjulaa, ulbanaa, maraa, in the
electric heat wave regions of the upper sky.
The manufacture of this mirror is thus
explained in "Darpana-prakarana":
5 parts of sowraashtra earth, 7 parts of
snake's slough, 3 of sea-foam, 5 of shanmukha
seeds, 8 of zinc, 3 parts of rhinoceros' nails,
8 of salts, 7 of sand, 8 of mercury, 4 of conch,
6 parts of matrunna, 3 parts of yellow orpiment,
4 of elephant and camel salts, 7 parts of
suranghrikaa, 5 of gingelly oil, 8 of
pearl-shells, 3 of sea-shells, 4 parts of
camphor, purified and filled in shinjikaa
crucible, and placed in shinjeera furnace and
boiled to 700 degrees, the fluid poured into the
Darpanaasya yantra, will form into a morning
sun-like kuntinee mirror.
The Pinjulaa mirror:
The conflicting inter-action of the solar
rays is called pinjulaa. It has deleterious
effect on the black eye-balls of the pilots. The
pinjulaa mirror, by intervening will prevent the
eye-balls being blinded by the evil rays.
It is said in "Amsubodhinee", or the work on
solar rays, "There are four directions, east,
west, north and south, and four corner
directions, south-east, south-west, north-east
and north-west. The solar force of each
direction has got its own intensity, owing to
different fire-force, different seasonal force,
the effect of the five winds, combined with the
vaarunee or liquid force of the clouds, and the
resulting tension gives rise to four evil
forces, andha, andhakaara, pinjoosha, and
taarapaa, whose glows, known as rakta, jaathara,
taaraagra, and prabha, striking the eye-balls
result in blindness of both eyes. "
The manufacture of this mirror is thus
described in "Darpana prakarana":
6 parts of goat's milk, 5 parts of red-lead,
8 parts of salts, 7 parts of sand, 5 parts of
tree-gum, 8 parts of borax, 2 parts of dambholi
essence, 8 parts of mercury, 2 parts of copper
and 2 of lead, 4 parts of surolika essence, 8
parts of twak, 3 parts of vaardhyushika, 3 of
kanda, 4 parts of pishta or gingelly husk, 3
parts of orpiment, 7 parts of Tinnevelli senna,
4 parts of vrikodaree seeds, these 18 to be
purified, powdered, and filled in crucible, and
placed in furnace and boiled to 700 degrees, and
poured into Darpana yantra, will yield an
excellent pinjulaa mirror.
"The conflict between the electricity in the
clouds, wind, and rays, generates forces harmful
to pilots. The guhaa-garbha darpana, by
attracting them and projecting them by electric
force against enemy planes, renders the persons
inside them physically disabled and incapable of
fighting."
"Prapanchasaara" also says:
"In the Middle of the two shells above
kashyapa, there is vaarunee force. Between the
shell and vaarunee force 5000 wind currents
subsist. Similarly there are disease causing
rays numbering 80 millions. The various winds
and rays by mutual action result in flows and
counter flows. When the cloud force, wind force,
and solar force interplay they give rise to
various harmful forces like bubbles:"
Lallaacharya also avers, "In accordance with
the 110th principle, when the cloud-power,
wind-power and sun-power meet with force and
collide, they produce poisonous effects which
are dangerous to mankind."
Vasishtha says in "Swatassiddha-Nyaaya" or
"self-evident truth", that when alien forces
cross one another, a poisonous flow will result
naturally as an egg comes out of a tortoise.
"Sammohana kriyaa-kaanda" explains:
"By the conflict of cloud force, wind force
and solar forces, 305105 poisonous waves known
as guha and others emanate, and cause, kushtha,
apasmaara, grihinee, khaasa, and shoola. Chief
among them are five, known as gridhnee, godhaa,
kunjaa, roudree, and guhaa. By accelerating them
and directing them against the enemy, the
guhaa-garbha mirror disables them."
"Darpana prakarana " describes its
manufacture thus:
7 parts of couries, 3 parts of manjula or
madder root, 6 parts of sea-foam, 8 parts of
ranjaka or phosphorous, 6 parts of mandoora or
rust, 8 parts of mercury, 3 parts of orpiment, 7
parts of brahmika, 2 parts of lead, 8 parts of
eye pigment, 6 parts of matrunnna, 8 parts of
sand, 6 parts of kishora, 5 of muchukunda, 2
parts of gingelly oil, 25 of lohika, 5 parts of
mridaani garbha essence, 8 of sowraashtra earth,
5 parts of sphatika, 3 of bones, 15 of indusatva
or moonstone?, and 5 of dambholi taakaa dwaya
satva,
taking these 22, purifying and powdering them
and filling crucible, and placing in furnace and
boiling to 700 degrees, and cooled in yantra,
guhaa garbha darpana is produced.
Rowdree-darpana is a mirror or lens which
liquefies everything that it flashes against.
Paraankusha says that where Rudraanyosharaa
and abhralinga come into contact, a fierce force
called roudree comes into being. Mingling with
solar rays it melts everything. "Sammohana
kriyaa kaanda" says:
"By the mixing of roudree and solar rays an
evil force called maarikaa is generated, and
impelled by the solar electricity, it destroys
the enemy planes."
Darpanaa prakarana describes its manufacture:
8 parts of lead, 3 parts of shaalmali, 7 of
durvaara, 8 parts kudupinjara, 21 parts of
droonee, 8 parts sun-crystal, 27 parts of
rudraanee-graavoshara, 6 parts betel leaves, 8
parts of kowtila, 30 of veeraabhra linga, 8
parts of salts, 7 of sand, 6 parts of matrunna,
3 of dimbhika, 8 of zinc, 13 of ant-hill earth,
6 of gum, 3 of kumbhinee, 3 parts sweet oil, 27
of Tinnevelly senna, 6 of godhaamla, 8 of silk
cotton, 8 parts of virinchi satva, 5 parts of
kanda, 3 parts of yellow orpimet, 7 parts of
kaarmukha, or brown barked acacia?, these 26,
powdered, purified, and filled in crucible and
placed in furnace and boiled to 800 degrees, and
poured into Darpana yantra, will yield a fine
roudrikaa-uarpana.
FOURTH CHAPTER
Shaktyadhikaranam: The Power.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Shaktayassapta" Sootra 1.
"The power sources are seven."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
In this chapter the motive power of the
vimaana is explained. In the functioning of the
vimaana, there are 7 distinct operating forces.
They are named udgamaa, panjaraa,
sooryashaktyapa-karshinee or that which extracts
solar power, parashaktyaakarshinee or that which
extracts opposite forces, a set of 12 shaktis or
forces, kuntinee, and moolashakti or primary
force. At set spots in the vimaana, the motors
which produce these 7 powers should be
installed, duly wired and equipped with springs
and wheels, as prescribed.
It is said in "Yantra-sarvasva:"
"The seven kinds of powers which are required
for the Vimaana are produced by 7 motors which
are named tundila, panjara, amshupa,
apakarshaka, saandhaanika, daarpanika, and
shaktiprasavaka. Each of these produces its
specific power. Thus tundilaa produces udgamaa
shakti, panjaraa produces the panjaraa shakti,
shaktipaa produces the power which sucks solar
power, apakarshaka produces the power which
plucks the power of alien planes, sandhaana
yantra produces the group of 12 forces,
daarpanikaa produces kuntinee shakti, and
shakti-prasava yantra produces the main motive
power.
Shownaka-sootra also says:
"There are seven sources of power of the
vimaana: fire, earth, air, sun, moon, water and
sky. The seven kinds of powers are named
udgamaa, panjaraa, solar heat absorber, alien
force absorber, solar electric dozen, kuntinee,
and primary force."
Ma, la, ya, ra, sa, va, na constitute the
seven vimanic forces. Ma is udgamaa, la is
panjaraa, ya is solar heat absorber, ra is the
solar dozen, sa is alien force absorber, va is
kuntinee, and na is primary force.
Their actions are thus defined in
"Kriyaa-saara":
"The ascent of the vimana is by udgamaa
shakti. Its descent is by panjaraa-shakti. Solar
heat absorbing is by shaktyapakarshinee. Alien
force restraining is by parashakty snatcher.
Spectacular motion of the vimaana is by the
vidyud-dwaadashaka-shakti. All these various
activities are by the prime force of the
vimana."
Vidyuddwaadashaka is thus explained in
"Soudaaminee-kalaa":
"The spectacular motions of the vimaana are
of 12 kinds. Their motive forces are also 12.
The motions and the forces are, proceeding,
shuddering, mounting, descending, circling,
speeding, circumambulating, side-wise motion,
receding, anti-clockwise motion, remaining
motionless, and performing miscellaneous
motions."
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Shaktayah-pancha -iti-Narayanaha." Sootra 2.
"Narayana holds that the forces are five only,
and not twelve."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Five forces are generated by the yantra or
dynamo called Sadyojaata, and they produce all
the spectacular motions of the vimana.
Says "Shakti sarvasva":
"The motions of a vimaana are five, Chaalana,
Gaalana, Panjaraprerana, Vakraapasarpana, and
Spectacular manoeuvring."
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Chitrinyeveti sphotaayanah." Sootra 3.
Sphotaayana holds that chitrinee is the sole
shakti.
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Sphotaayana declares that the force called
chitrinee shakti is the one which enables the
vimana to perform spectacular manoeuvres.
[paragraph continues]
"Shakti-sarvasva" says that both from experience
and scientific knowledge Sphotaayana propounds
the view that 32 various kinds of motions of the
vimaana are solely by the power of
Chitrinee-shakti.
"Kriyaa-saara " also states that Chitrinee
force of the 17th quality is solely responsible
for the 32 types of aeronautical motions.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Tadantarbhaaavaat Saptaiveti" Sootra 4.
"The shaktis are 7 only, and include all others"
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Out of the five forces produced by the
sadyojaata mechanism, panjaraa shakti is the
most important. The other shaktis are incidental
to it, just as sparks are incidental to fire.
Chaalana and other motions may therefore be said
to result from panjaraa shakti.
Says "Shaktibeeja": "It is by the panjaraa
shakti generated by sadyojaata yantra that the
chalana and other shaktis branch out. "
"Shakti kousthubha" also says, "From the
panjaraa shakti produced by sadyojaata, emanate
the chaalama and other 4 shaktis."
Thus since the other shaktis branch out from
panjaraa shakti, they may be said to be in
essence identical with it. That panjaraa and
chitrinee are included in the seven shaktis
which have been enumerated by Maharshi
Bharadwaaja. Hence there cannot be said to be
any conflict of opinions. Some even hold the
view that each one of the seven shaktis is
capable of producing all the 32 motions of the
vimaana. But since each of the several motions
of the plane is definitely ascribed to a
particular kind of force, it would be incorrect
to hold that one force could be responsible for
the whole gamut of motions. Any attempt to give
practical effect to such a theory would prove
disastrous. Therefore the right conclusion is
that the seven forces are the true cause of the
32 kinds of aerial activities of the vimaana.
FIFTH CHAPTER
Yantraadhikaranam: Yantras: Machinery.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
"Athha Upayantraani." Sootra 1.
"The Mechanical Contrivances."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Having described the forces or energies
required for the various functions of the
vimaana, now the mechanisms necessary for these
activities are described.
"Kriyaa-saara" says:
"As stated by the eminent Bharadwaaja in
"Yantrasarvasva", the mechanical equipments
necessary for the vimaana are 32. They are
vishwakriyaadarsa or universal reflecting
mirror, shaktyaakarshana yantra or force
absorbing machine, pariveshakriyaayantra or
halo-producing machine, angopasamhara yantra or
machine for folding up or contracting its parts,
vistrutakriyaa yantra, or expanding yantra,
vyroopyadarpana or fantastic mirror,
padmachakra-mukha, kuntinee shakti yantra and
pushpinee shakti yantra, pinjula mirror,
naalapanchaka and guhaa-garbhabhidha yantras,
tamo-yantra or darkness spreading machine,
pancha vaataskandhanaala, roudree mirror,
vaataskandha naalakcelaka, vidyudyantra or
electric generator, and shabdakendra mukha,
vidyuddwaadashaka, praanakundalinee,
shaktyudgama, vakraprasaarana, and shaktipanjara
keelaka, shirah-keelaka and shabdaakarshana,
pataprasaaranayantra, dishaampati yantra,
pattikaabhraka yantra, suryashaktyapakarshana
yantra or collector of solar energy,
apasmaaradhooma prasaarana or ejector of
poisonous fumes, stambhana yantra, and
vyshwaanara naalayantra."
They are thus described in "yantrasarvasva,"
chapter 7, by the illustrious Maharshi
Bharadwaaja.
Prepare a square or circular base of 9 inches
width with wood and glass, mark its centre, and
from about an inch and half thereof draw lines
to the edge in the 8 directions, fix 2 hinges in
each of the lines in order to open and shut. In
the centre erect a 6 inch pivot and four tubes,
made of vishvodara metal, equipped with hinges
and bands of iron, copper, brass or lead, and
attach to the pegs in the lines in the several
directions. The whole is to be covered.
Prepare a mirror of perfect finish and fix it
to the danda or pivot. At the base of the pivot
an electric yantra should be fixed. Crystal or
glass beads should be fixed at the base, middle,
and end of the pivot or by its side. The
circular or goblet shaped mirror for attracting
solar rays should be fixed at the foot of the
pivot. To the west of it the image-reflector
should be placed. Its operation is as follows:
First the pivot or pole should be stretched
by moving the keelee or switch. The observation
mirror should be fixed at its base. A vessel
with mercury should be fixed at its bottom. In
it a crystal bead with hole should be placed.
Through the hole in the chemically purified
bead, sensitive wires should be passed and
attached to the end beads in various directions.
At the middle of the pole, mustard cleaned solar
mirror should be fixed. At the foot of the pole
a vessel should be placed with liquid ruchaka
salt. A crystal should be fixed in it with hinge
and wiring. In the bottom centre should be
placed a goblet-like circular mirror for
attracting solar rays. To the west of it a
reflecting mechanism should be placed. To the
east of the liquid salt vessel, the electric
generator should be placed and the wiring of the
crystal attached to it. The current from both
the yantras should be passed to the crystal in
the liquid ruchaka salt vessel. Eight parts of
sun-power in the solar reflector and 12 parts of
electric power should be passed through the
crystal into the mercury and on to the universal
reflecting mirror. And then that mirror should
be focussed in the direction of the region which
has to be photographed. The image which appears
in the facing lens will then be reflected
through the crystal in the liquid salt
solution. The picture which will appear in the
mirror will be true to life, and enable the
pilot to realise the conditions of the concerned
region, and he can take appropriate action to
ward off danger and inflict damage on the enemy.
Next Shaktyaakarshana yantra:
"Yantra sarvasva" says, "Owing to the
etherial waves and raging winds of the upper
regions in accordance with die seasons, evil
forces are generated which tend to destroy the
vimaana. The Shaktyaakarshana yantra in the
vimaana is meant to subdue those forces and
render them harmless."
Narayana also says:
"Three fierce forces arise from the fierce
winds and ethereal waves, and cruse destruction
of the plane. The shalayaakarshana yantra by its
superior force subdues them and ensures safety
of the vimaana."
Its construction is as follows:
The base is to be 3 feet long and 2 feet
wide, and made of krouncha metal. A 12 inch tall
3 inch wide pole or peg made of 27th kind of
glass should be fixed in its middle. To the east
of it, as also to the west, 3 centres should be
marked on each side. To the north and south also
2 centres should be marked on each side. At each
centre screw-bolts should be fixed. Then tubes
made of the 107th glass, with cleaned wiring
should be fixed. A goblet shaped 15 inch sized
glass vessel should be fixed on the base of the
central peg. A 1 foot circular glass ball with
three holes should be fixed in the main centre.
A triangular shaped 1 foot sized mirror made of
Aadarsha glass should be fixed on the 3rd
kendra. Two circular rods made of magnetic metal
and copper should be fixed on the glass ball so
as to cause friction when they revolve. To the
west of it a globular ball made of vaatapaa
glass with a wide open mouth should be fixed.
Then a vessel made of shaktipaa glass, narrow at
bottom, round in the middle, with narrow neck,
and open mouth with 5 beaks should be fixed on
the middle bolt. Similarly on the end bolt
should be placed a vessel with sulphuric acid
(bhraajaswad-draavaka). On the pegs on southern
side 3 interlocked wheels should be fixed. On
the north side liquefied mixture of load-stone,
mercury, mica, and serpent-slough should be
placed. And crystals should be placed at the
requisite centres.
"Maniratnaakara" says that the
shaktyaakarshana yantra should be equipped with
6 crystals known as Bhaaradwaaja, Sanjanika,
Sourrya, Pingalaka, Shaktipanjaraka, and
Pancha-jyotirgarbha.
The same work mentions where the crystals are
to be located. The sourrya mani is to be placed
in the vessel at the foot of the central pole,
Sanjanika mani should be fixed at the middle of
the triangular wall. Pingalaka mani is to be
fixed in the wide mouthed glass globe.
Bhaaradwaaja mani should be fixed in the opening
in the naala-danda. Pancha-jyotirgarbha mani
should be fixed in the sulphuric acid vessel,
and Shakti-panjaraka mani should be placed in
the mixture of magnet, mercury, mica, and
serpent-slough. All the five crystals should be
equipped with wires passing through glass tubes.
Wires should be passed from the centre in all
directions. Then the triple wheels should be set
in revolving motion, which will cause the two
glass balls inside the glass case, to turn with
increasing speed rubbing each other, the
resulting friction generating a 100 degree
power. That power should be conveyed through
wires to the sanjanika mani. Mingling with the
force existing therein, that force issues out
and should be transmitted through wires to the
sourrya mani. On contact of the power therein
the force will split into 5 streams. Each of the
five power streams should be connected with one
of the manis, Bhaaradwaja, Sourrya, Pingala,
Pancha-jyotirmani, and Shakti-panjara mani.
Mingling with the force in each mani, they form
five forces, which are named by Atri maharshi as
Raja, Mourtvica, Chundeera, Shoonya, and
Garbha-vishodara. These should be passed by
wires to the sulphuric acid vessel. They then
form 3 forces, named marthanda, rowhinee, and
bhadra. Marthanda shakti should be passed into
the load-stone, mercury, mica, and serpent
slough liquids. The resulting current should
then be passed through wires to the wide mouthed
glass globular vessel. Solar force pregnant with
etherial force should be passed into the
Naaladanda, and thence to the vessel with
marthanda shakti. The power of the solar rays
entering that vessel mingles with the marthanda
shakti inside, and the resultant force has to be
focussed towards the adverse force of the
etherial current which will be thereby nullified
and the vimaana will be protected.
Then the Rohinee shakti should be passed
through wires into the vessel containing the
fivefold load stone, mercury, mica, serpent
slough acid,
and the resulting current passed to the
Bhrajasvaddraavaka or luminous acid vessel at
the foot of the central pole. Then from the
air-route collect the wind-force impregnated
solar rays and pass them also into the above
vessel. Mingling with the rowhinee shakti
therein a super-force will be created which
should be passed through the northern pivot,
into the rowhinee power vessel. The united force
should then he directed against the malefic wind
force in the air-route, so that it will tame the
evil force and protect the Vimaana.
Then from the suragha tube Bhadraa shakti
should be passed into five fold acid vessel. The
resulting force should be passed through wired
tubes to the foot of the triangular wall, and
thence to the pivot on the southern side. The
force should then be directed against the evil
roudree Force in the air-route. Neutralising
that third destructive force in the sky, the
vimaana will be allowed smooth passage in the
sky.
The Parivesha-kriya yantra:
According to Yantra-sarvasva, by manipulating
the five forces a halo is formed around the
vimaana, and by drawing the solar rays into
contact with it, the rays will speed the
aeroplane along the rekhaamaarga or safety line.
This is achieved by the operation of the above
said yantra.
Narayanacharya also says:
"The mechanism which will manipulate the five
forces so as to create a halo round the plane,
and attracting the solar rays and contacting
them with the plane, make them draw the plane
smoothly and speedily along the air route
without swerving into danger, is called
parivesha-kriyaa yantra or halo-forming
mechanism."
Soudaaminee kalaa says, "The forces of ksha,
ja, la, bha, and ha, when united attract solar
rays. "
According to "Gopatha-kaarika," the forces in
shireesha or Indra or lightning, clouds, earth,
stars; and sky, are indicated by the letters
ksha, ja, la, bha, and ha. By combining those
live forces a halo, like that around the solar
orb, will be created, and it will have the power
or attracting solar rays.
Kriyaa-saara says Shireesha has 2 parts,
Clouds have 8 parts, Earth has 5, Stars have 7,
and Aakaasha or Sky or Ether has 10. The
Aakarshana
yantra should attract these forces and unify
them. Then through the mirror above the vimaana
attract solar rays, and apply them to the
unified forces,
A halo will be created, and that halo, in
combination with the solar rays, will draw the
plane through a safe course like a bird held by
a string, Its formation is thus explained in
Yantra-sarvasva:
"Athha Yantraangaani"
We now deal with the parts of the yantra:
A foot-plate: 23 main centres to be marked on
it, with lines connecting the centres. Similar
number of revolving screws, wired tubes, pole
with three wheels, eight liquids, eight
crystals, eight liquid containers, mirror to
attract the forces of shireesha, cloud, earth,
stars, and aakaasha, five electric mechanism,
five barks of trees, copper coated wires, five
leathers, hollow screws, revolving screw with
wire, vessels for storing the energies, vessel
for mixing the energies, smoke-spreading yantra,
air-fanning yantra, halo-creating tube made of
milky-leather, solar ray attracting mirror tube,
tube for collecting the solar rays reflected in
the mirror at the top portion of the vimaana,
crest-crystal, screw for connecting the solar
rays to the vimaana. These are the 23 parts of
halo producing yantra.
Its construction is now explained: A wooden
base 23 feet square, made of black pippala or
holy fig tee. 23 centres enclosed in a case made
of 35th type of glass. 23 lines to the centres.
Revolving keys to be fixed at the 23 centres.
Wired glass tubes should connect one centre with
another. A glass pole made of the 37th type of
glass, 5 feet long, 1 foot thick in the middle,
18 inches thick at the neck, with a 10 fact wide
top, should be fixed as the central pillar, with
3 revolving wheels. Eight acids should be placed
in the eight directions from the north-east
side. Their names are rubnaka, kraantaja,
taarkshya, naaga, gowree, vishandhaya, khadyota
and jwalana.
The rubnaka acid is to be placed in the
north-east centre, kraantaja in the centre,
naaga at the southern centre, gowree at the
south-west corner, vishandhaya in the western
centre, khadyota at the north-west centre, and
jwalana at the northern centre in 8 glass
vessels.
The names of the vessels are also given by
Shaarikaanaatha: shila, abhra, paara,
vyrinchika, vaaluka, asuragranthika, sphutika,
and pancha-mrith,
[paragraph continues] The 8
vessels are made out of these 8 elements by
process defined in "Darpana-prakarana."
The rubnaka acid should be filled in
shila-darpana vessel; kaarshnya-acid in
abhrakaadarsha; kraantaja acid in paaraadarsha
vessel; naagadraava in vyrinchi-aadarsha vessel;
khadyota acid in sphutikaadarsha; gowree acid
should be filled in vaalukaadarsha vessel;
vishandhaya acid should be filled in
suragrathika vessel; and jwalana acid in
panchamrid vessel.
In the 8 acid filled vessels 8 crystals are
to be inserted. As mentioned in "Maniprakarana"
their names are dhoomaasya, ghanagarbha,
shalyaaka, shaarika, tushaasya, somaka, shankha,
and amshupa.
Having mentioned their names, we now explain
their disposal. Dhoomaasya mani is to be placed
in rubna acid vessel. Ghanagarbha mani should be
placed in kraantaja acid vessel. Shalyaaka in
kaarshni acid vessel. Shaarika in naaga acid
vessel. Tushaasya is to be placed in gowree
acid, Shankha in jwalana acid; Somaka in
vishandhaya acid; and Amshupa mani is to be
placed in khadyota acid vessel.
In front of these manis, eight
shaktyaakarshana, or energy-imbibing mirrors are
to be fixed. Their names according to Bharadwaja
are taaraasya, pavanaasya, dhoomaasya,
vaarunaasya, jalagarbha, agnimitra, chaayaasya,
and bhanukantaka. Their location is as follows:
Six inches in front of dhoomasya mani the
taaraasya mirror with an iron rod with a switch
attached to it should be fixed. Pavanaasya
mirror should be fixed similarly in front of
ghanagarbha mani. Dhoomaasya mirror should be
fixed 6 inches in front of shalyaaka mani.
Vaarunaasya mirror should be fixed in front of
shaarikaa mani. Jalagarbha mirror should be
fixed in front of somaka mani. Agnimitra mirror
should be fixed in front of tushaasya mani.
Chhayaasya mirror should be fixed in front of
shankha mani. And Bhanukantaka mirror should be
fixed in front of amshupaa mani.
Then in the western centre should be
installed the electric generator with switch.
Copper-coated wires covered with live kinds of
skins, should be spread all-round, proceeding
from the shakti-yantra or electric generator.
The names of the five skins, according to
"Kriyaa-saara," are rhinoceros, tortoise, dog,
rat or hare, and crocodile.
According to "Twangnirnaya-adhikaara," or
chapter on skins, for seats in vimaanas, and,
for containing acids, and covering wires, five
kinds of skins are mentioned by the learned;
skins of rhinoceros, tortoise, dog, rat or hare,
and crocodile. These five are to be used for the
purposes of cove-ring, and seating. Wires
covered with these skins are good conductors of
electricity. The bhraamanee keela, or central
revolving pole should be fixed in the centre so
that when it revolves all the other pivotal
centres also revolve. Eight energy storing
vessels should be placed in the 9th, 8th, 10th,
12th, 13th, 15th 16th and 11th centres. The
sammelana vessel or coordinating vessel should
be placed in the front of the 23rd centre. To
the south of it at the 21st centre the wind
blowing mechanism should be fixed.
The Vaata-prasaarana or wind-blowing yantra
is thus described: In the central pivot there
are to be 5 wheels which will turn with 100
linka revolutions by contact with electric
wires: in the east and west two bellows on
pivots: two air-containers with 3 mouths or
openings: 6 wheels which prevent air-motion: two
tubes with switches which will cause spreading:
wheels with keys that will induce speed, or full
speed, slow, very slow or stop, shaped like a
tortoise, having two bharas or parts?, and
having a wheel fixed at the top. That is a
vaata-prasaarana yantra.
The dhooma-prasaarana yantra or
smoke-spreading yantra is as follows: with three
openings, 5 satchels inside, 8 wheels, three
keelakas or switches, encircled by electric
tube, provided with smoke-generating mani or
crystal, and equipped with 5 acids, with two
churning wheels with keys, with two smoke
containers attached to the bellows tube, with
smoke-spreading yantra, and it is to be fixed at
the 20th centre.
The parivesha-kriyaa naala or halo-creating
tube is thus explained. Out of 5 milks from 5
kinds of milk trees, 6 barks of trees, and 2
valkalas (hemp, jute), cloth is fashioned. And
that cloth should be used in preparing the
parivesha-kriya or halo-forming tube.
It is stated in "Ksheeree-pata kalpa":
In the realm of milk-yielding trees,
dugdha-pranaalee, patapaadapa, payodharee,
panchavatee, and virinchi are the 5 most
suitable for manufacture of milk-cloth useful
for vimaanas.
"Patapradeepikaa" also says, "Among the
milk-trees, the best for producing milk-cloth
are the following five, payodharee, panchavatee,
viranchi, patapaadapa and dugdhapranaalika.
The six bark-trees are godaakanda,
kurangaka-niryaasa, aandolikaaviyatsaara,
lavika, prishatka, and kshmaamala. In
conjunction with the milk from milk-trees these
barks produce cloth which is flawless, strong,
and soft.
For the two valkalas, according to
"Agatatva-nirnaya" out of 5000 kinds of valkalas
from shaarikaa to panchamukhee, the two named
simhikaa and panchaanga are said to be excellent
for producing the milk-cloth required for
vimaanas.
The composition of the cloth is as follows:
Dudgdhapranaalika milk 8 parts, 10 parts of
the milk juice of the patavriksha, 7 parts of
payodaree or cocoanut milk, 18 parts of the milk
of the 5 vata or ficus trees, and 12 parts of
virancha tree.
The ambikaa-shatka composition is 10 parts of
godaa-kanda, 17 parts of gum from kurangaka, 15
parts of aandolikaa viyatsaara, 12 parts lavika,
20 parts of prishatka, and 15 parts of
kshmaamala.
The two jute cloth proportions are given in
"Shana-nirnaya chandrikaa," as 28 parts of
simhikaa jute, and 18 parts of panchaangavalkala
jute.
These proportions of 5 ksheera or milk, 6
ambika or barks, and 2 valkalas or jutes, should
be mixed together and unified, and boiled in
paakaadhaana yantra and churned a number of
times, and processing with acids 12 times,
should be filled in pata-garbha kriya or
cloth-making yantra, and milk-cloth of excellent
quality obtained. The parivesha kriyaa-tube made
out of this cloth will, by manipulation of the
concerned switch, expel smoke from the vimaana,
and by quick advancing and reverse revolutions
of the wheel will spread the smoke all round so
as to envelope the vimaana by means of the
smoke-screen.
The Kiranaakarsha-Naala:
16 parts of the 305th variety of glass, 5
parts of kaancholikaabharana, 6 parts of
nagakesara or merua ferrea,--aletris
hyacinthoides, 4 parts of
couries, sunflower, and Indian spikenard, 8
parts of pure borax, iron dross, onion juice,
cuscus grass powder, ruby glass, the three
varieties of salt-petre, sand, essence of
suranjikaa, viranchi flour, essence of
black-mica, essence of bael fruit, and juice of
flower buds, these twelve ingredients, in the
proportion of 27, 5, 7, 3, 8, 7, 3, 11, 8, and
12, are to be filled in the frog-shaped
crucible, and placed in the frog-shaped furnace,
and melted with 300 degrees of heat with the
help of two-winged bellows. The resulting liquid
is to be poured into the darpana yantra or
glass-making machine, so as to produce the
kiranaakarshana or rays-attracting yantra.
The tube made of this glass should be fixed
at the top of the concerned yantra.
Next- the pratibimba-arka-kiranaakarshana
naala, or tube for attracting the reflection of
the solar says:
According to "Naalikaa-nirnaya," the essence
of squash gourd, juice of momardica, 2 parts, of
the salt of the two wheeled root vegetable, 3
parts of salt of simhamoola, 122nd type of
glass, essence of white mica, jelly stone,
borax, root of Bengal-madder, thorn at the root
of bamboo, lead, mercury, these 15 ingredients
are to be mixed in the proportion of 5, 12, 4,
3, 7, 3, 11, 4, 9, 12, 20, 18, 12, 5, 20. The
mixture should be filled in the crucible known
as samavargika, and heated in the furnace of the
same name, and heated to the degree of 315, with
the aid of bellows called suraghaa. The
resulting liquid should be poured into the
mirror--making machine. The resulting product
will be a fine bimbaarka-kiranaadarsha, or
reflected solar ray attracting mirror. This
should be fixed in the central portion of the
vimaana and in the 10th kendra, with five
circled screws.
Now we deal with the crest crystal of the
vimaana. The crest-crystals are of 103 kinds.
They are named in "Mani-kalpa-pradeepika" as
belonging to the 12th class of 32 groups of
crystals. Their names are shankara, shaantaka,
kharva, bhaaskara, Mandana, kalaantaka,
deeptaka, nandaka, chakrakantha, panchanetra,
Rajamukha, Raakaasya, kaalabhyrava, chintamani,
koushika, chitraka, bhaskara, uduraaja, viraaja,
kalpaka, kaamikodbhava, panchasheershna,
paarvanika, panchaaksha, paaribhadraka, isheeka,
kaashabhrit, kaala, kanjaasya, kowtika,
kalaakara, kaarmika, vishaghna, panchapaavaka,
symhikeya, roudramukha, manjeera, dimbhika,
pingala, karnika,
These are the 103 crystals suitable for being
fixed as crest-jewels of the vimaana. One of
them is to be fitted to the central pinnacle at
the top of the vimaana, and the wires from the
electric dynamo should be connected to it, so
that it might be supplied with power. On the
upper side should be attached wires for
collecting solar rays, so that the two forces
might act in combination.
The switch-gear for connecting the vimaana
with the solar energy is explained in
"Brihath-kaandika." Sandhaana-keelakaas are of
25 kinds. Their names are pinjuleeka, keeranaka,
dimbhaka, paarvateeyaka, kachchapa, gaaruda,
uddanda, shaktipa, govidaaraka, pavanaasya,
panchavaktra, vajraka, kankana, ahirbudhnya,
kundalika, naakula, oornanaabhika, trimukha,
saptasheershanya, panchaavartha, paraavatha,
aavarta, naabhika, oordhvaasya, shilaavarta.
Amongst these the 9th, govidaaraka, is best
suited to connect the vimaana with the solar
beams for safe navigation. This is
Pariveshakriyaayantra.
Next Angopasamhaara yantra:
During the passage of sun and other planets
in the 12 houses of the zodiac, owing to the
varying speeds of their progressive and
retrogressive motions, conflicting forces are
generated in the zodiacal regions, and their
collisions will let loose floods of fierce
forces which will reduce to ashes the parts of
the plane which get involved with them. The
pilot should get warned by the ushna-pramaapaka
yantra, or heat-measuring instrument, and
quickly fold the concerned parts and ensure
their safety.
Purifying the metal sumrileeka mixed with
manjeera, a pedestal should be cast, 12 feet
long, 18 inches thick, and shaped as a square or
circle. Then mixing the magnetic stone and
dimbika, after purifying them with acids, cast a
pole 3 feet thick and 30 feet tall, with
springs, as in an umbrella, at the foot, in the
middle and at the upper end, and fix it in the
centre of the pedestal. Rods made of mixed metal
like umbrella rods, provided with 5 springs,
should connect the springs in the pole with the
several limb mechanisms of the vimaana. Two
revolving wheel springs with two tubes with 3
faces and 3 wheeled springs should be fixed at
the bottom of the pole, near the spring. Above
there should be fixed an oiling tube which will
keep all the springs well-oiled. When a
particular limb of the plane has to be
contracted the spring at the foot of the pole
should be turned so as to induce the spring of
the part to operate so as to contract or open up
the part as need be so that the danger to the
part will be prevented. By the operation of the
angopasamhaara yantra, any part of the plane can
be folded up to avoid danger and opened out
subsequently.
Vistritaasyaa kriyaa yantra or wide-opening
mechanism:
When the various powers, subterranean, eight
cardinal points, earth, cloud, electricity, and
oceanic, consemble in padma-mukha, a power
called vishambharee is generated. It breaks
through the earth, emitting great heat, mounts
with a 300 linka speed to the upper sky regions,
and reaching the aerial routes, envelopes the
vimaana, and affects the personnel inside
causing grave physical disabilities, and
paralysing the brain. For the purpose of curbing
it and nullifying it, the vistritaasyakriyaa
yantra is to be installed in the vimaana.
According to "Yantrasarvasva," a foot-plate,
of an arm's length, and 22 inches thick, and
round-shaped, is to be made of the wood of the
sacred peepul tree. A pole of an arm's
thickness, and 32 inches high, is to be fixed in
the middle of it. Reversible wheeled
double-switches should be fixed along its
height, connecting each of the sectional
mechanisms in the vimaana, through tubes
reaching to the bhastrikaa naala or bellows tube
attached to the mechanisms. At the foot of the
pole three revolving wheels, and at its back the
contracting switches, have to be fixed
First peetha or footplate, then pillar, then
revolving springs, jointure tubes, two-wheeled
keelakas, two-winged bellows, three wheel moving
mechanism, contracting mechanism, are eight
constituent parts of this machine.
First the triple wheeled mechanism should be
switched on. That will set the double wheels in
motion. That will make all the springs attached
to the pillar begin to operate. The two winged
bellows attached to the double-wheels will open
up. Wind will rush out and force through all the
sandhi-naalas or jointure tubes. That will set
the bellows in the central operating; thereby
the bellows of the sectional mechanisms will
come into play, and air will flow out in a
flood, and taking hold of the vishambharaa
shakti expel it to the aerial regions where it
will get lost. Thus the personnel inside the
vimaana will be saved from disabilities and
restored to normalcy.
Vyroopya mirror: Says "Yantrasarvasva",
When enemy planes come intent on destroying
the vimaana, the vyroopya mirror is intended to
frustrate them. Its parts are, peetha or stand,
central switch-gear, electric pole, smoke tube,
betel-nut oil, triple-wheeled spring, three
satchels, smoke light, and contraction tube.
The peetha or seat should be 2 feet wide and
2 feet tall, and circular, and made of bael tree
wood. 12 centres are to be marked therein. At
each centre revolving joints should be fixed.
Jyotistambha or electric pole, 24 inches thick
and 24 inches tall and made of vyroopya darpana
glass, is to be fixed in the centre. In front of
it the electric machine should be fixed in the
2nd kendra. In the 3rd kendra should be fixed
the turning smoke tubes with winding wires. The
oil vessel should be fixed in the 5th kendra.
The 3 satchels, with 3 mouths, one foot high and
made of milk-leather should be fixed in the 6th
7th, 8th and 9th kendras, up to the smoke tube.
In the tenth kendra should be fixed the
smoke-extinguishing tube mechanism, and the
light-extinguishing tube in the eleventh kendra.
The winding wire tube should be fixed in the
12th kendra.
The operation of the mechanism is as follows:
Drawing the electrical energy from the
dynamo, it must be applied to the triple-wheeled
mechanism. That will be set in motion. The wires
proceeding from there will convey the power
to all the other mechanisms and set them in
motion. Kendras 3, 4, and 5, will become active.
When kendra, 9 is switched on the koshas
attached thereto will become active. From the
5th kendra the current should be passed to the
oil vessel. The oil will then convert itself
into poisonous .gas. The gas should be filled in
the 3 satchels and the 3 tubes. The fumes from
two of the tubes should then be discharged
towards the enemy planes. They will encircle the
enemy planes and envelope them with a
smoke-screen. Then the betelnut oil should be
lighted, and fluxed in the jyoti stamhha or
light-pillar. The light within the pillar will
suffuse it with red glow like a china rose; and
pervade the sky. Then the electric glow should
be applied to that glow. The resulting glow will
be multi-coloured like a rain-bow, with violet,
indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.
Then the poison-fumes from the 3rd tube should
be drawn through the air tube, and let into the
multicolour-glowing light-pillar. The fume will
burst into light, and then should be passed
through tube into the vyroopya-darpana. The
light glow will pervade the mirror and attain
3000 degree intensity, causing a blinding glare
and paralising the enemy. Then the gas in the
three satchels should be projected with 25 linka
speed towards the smoke screen enveloping the
enemy. Then the smoke from the tubes should be
projected with 28 linka speed into that screen.
Then the smoke filled glow will flood over the
enemy personnel and affect their body joints,
organs, mind, vision, and induce inertness, and
make them all fall down senseless. Then the
pilot could change his air-route and proceed
forward safely.
Then Padmachakra mukha yantra:
According to "Yantra sarvasva," its parts
are, peetha or pedestal, pillar, tubular pole,
electric wiring, glass lotus petals, lotus
formation process, places where the lotuses are
to be located, wind inhaling and leather-bellows
mechanism, contracting and expanding switches,
triple-wheel fixing arrangement, air flow
outlets, folding up mechanism. These are the 12
parts of the padmachakra mukha yantra.
The peetha or seat should be made of the wood
of pippala or the holy fig tree, 8 feet and 3
feet high, and square or circular. Mark 12
fixing centres on it. From the central pillar
draw lines towards the 12 spots. The central
pole, two tubular posts on either side of it,
electric wire in eastern centre,
lotus petals in the north, formation of lotus
in the northern and southern centres, fixing of
the lotuses from the north-east to the
south-east corner, to the east air-filling
bellows. In the north west corner the
contracting switch, and the expansion switch in
the south-west corner, triple-wheel revolving
mechanism on the eastern side, air flow outlets
underneath each lotus. To its south, the
contraction switch.
These are the 12 parts to be fixed in the 12
centres. The production of the parts is as
follows:
The central pivot should be made of
abhra-mrid-darpana, or mica-sand glass.
According to "Darpana-prakarana"--
5 parts of rambhasatva (plantain stem?), 8 of
manjoosha (madder root?), 5 parts of kaanta
(ayaskaanta? sooryakaanta?), 8 parts of
kravyaada (jataamaamsi), 3 parts of aadhaka
essence, 7 parts of tortoise shell essence, 18
of bhalyatvak, 3 essence of kudmala or flower
buds, 8 of bamboo salt, 3 of hooves, 28 parts of
shoonya-mrid or mica ash, 4 of trivikrama
kshaara, 2 of conch, 5 of mercury, 8 of salts, 1
of creepers, 3 of silver, 3 of eye-ointment,
these 18 ingredients, purified, filled in
crucible, placed in varaatakunda furnace and
boiled to 200 degrees, and slowly filled in
darpana yantra, will yield an excellent
abhra-mrid darpana.
Two tubular poles of the size of an arm, made
of this glass, should be placed on either side
of the pivot. From the central pole electrical
wiring should be connected to the 12 centres. In
the centre of the switch tubes should be placed
the lotus petals, and 150 finely made glass
lotus petals should be spread on the northern
side electric wires.
The petals are to be made, according to
Lalla, by mixing 15 parts of the mica glass,
with 4 parts of sourika salt, duly mixed and
finely powdered and melted in pattikaa machine,
when like onion-skin layers, petals will take
shape. Then the wires attached to the petals
should be brought together from the several
centres, and attached to the lotus forming
mechanism. By turning the concerned wheel the
petals will move towards the centre and form a
lotus. Each petal will then become a tube, and
by their juggling each
tube will form 2 petals. The air-attracting
mechanism should be placed in front and set to
work. With a shrieking noise the air will be
sucked in by each tube and the petals will shoot
the air far into the outer air.
It is said in "sandhaana-patala--"
The scattering of a blizzard which may
obstruct the progress of the vimaana is only
possible by means of the padma-sandhaana and not
otherwise. Therefore the spots where the lotuses
are to be inserted are now indicated. On the
eastern side from the north east to the south
east the lotuses are to be erected in seven
places in close order. Beneath the seven lotuses
should be fixed seven leathern bellows capable
of deep draughts of air. On the north west
corner should be fixed the double-wheeled
contracting mechanism.
According to "Kriyaa saara," by turning the
main wheel in right motion, and the upper wheel
in reverse motion at full speed, the yantra will
suffer contraction. This machine is composed of
6 wheels spread out, 5 naalaas or tubes, 12
wires and 12 openings, and 12 keys which will
cause contraction of the 12 parts, with widened
mouth at the upper and lower parts, and provided
with 2 revolving keys. By placing such a
contracting machine in the north-west corner,
the machine could be contracted when desired.
Now we shall deal with the expanding
mechanism. It is round like a water pot, with 12
wheels and mouths, having 12 tubes with rods
inside with 12 revolving springs for ascending
motion, and with a central spring for filling
with air. With such a mechanism the yantra can
be made to stretch its parts. This should be
fixed in the south west corner.
Then at the eastern face the triple-wheeled
revolving spring, called "bhraamanee-keelaka",
should be fixed.
It has 3 ivory wheels, consists of 3 poles,
wooden top shaped like shimshumaara, with wheels
with spring on top. By its operation the several
parts of the yantra are set in motion, and by
the operation of the concerned springs, the
yantra will expand. Therefore the 3 wheeled
bhraamanee mechanism should be properly fixed at
the eastern kendra with 5 bolts.
Underneath the lotuses air flow routes should
be provided. There should be openings 12 inches
wide, 2 inches high, be leather-covered, made
of pippala wood, with 7 tubes for the flow of
wind. Seven such tubes should be fixed beneath
the seven lotuses, and provided with keys.
In the southern centre the contracting
mechanism or upasamhaara keela, with 12 outlets,
should be fixed.
Owing to the seasonal changes forces will
generate in the joints of the outer space, and
combining with the oceanic forces will reach the
realm of air and cause a commotion which will
spread out with fierce force into the farthest
air pockets, and let loose typhoons which reach
the vimaana, and produce a dusty excrescence
which will induce chicken-pox-like skin
eruptions on the pilots and other occupants, and
also break up the vimaana. In order to suck up
that foul wind-flow, and expel it out of the
vimaana, the padma-patra-mukha yantra is
prescribed.
Next Kuntinee-shakti-yantra:
Now we shall deal with kuntinee-shakti
yantra. In mid-summer, out of the myriad heat
rays of the sun, by the union of the 3, 5, and
10th class of rays, a fierce force of blazing
heat named kulakaa is generated.
It is said in "Ritukalpa",
From the solar heat generative source 3
Mahaakshoni and 21 crores 500 lakhs 16 thousand
and nineteen heat rays emanate. They are
classified into 5 crores 8 thousand and 107
groups in Vaalmeeki ganita. Each group is
divisible into 100 sub-groups. Of these when the
rays of sub-groups 3, 5, 10 from the second
group get mixed up in the heart of summer, a
force called Kulakaa with fiery intensity is
generated; and when it moves into the path of
the flying vimaana, the plane will be reduced to
ashes. To protect against that the
kuntinee-shakti yantra should be installed in
the neck portion of the vimaana.
Sage Narayana also says:
Amongst the divisions of the heat rays of the
summer sun, the second group has 85000 rays. Out
of them those numbered 8, 3, and 10 are
specially intense, and they attract the
pramlochana shakti from koorma portion of the
universe, and produce a fierce heat-wave called
kulikaa. If a vimaana happens
to encounter it in its course, it will be
burnt to ashes. To safeguard against that the
kuntinee-shakti yantra should be installed in
the neck section of the vimaana.
Lallaachaarya also confirms:
Out of the many groups of the heat-rays of
summer, numbers 3, 5, and 10 in the 32nd
division of the 2nd group of rays' tend to
contact the pramlochana shakti in koorma and
produce a fierce force called kulakaa which will
destroy the vimaana. The erection of the
kuntinee-shakti yantra in the vimaana will
prevent it from such destruction.
According to "Yantra Sarvasva",
Among the constituent yantras of the vimaana,
the kuntinee-shakti yantra is required to
protect it from the combustible heat waves known
as kulikaa in summer. Its parts are
ground-plate, central switch-board, acid vessel
cloth, with folds, chakradanti naala, milk
cloth, tube covering switches, revolving wheel
equipped with electric wiring, and contracting
mechanism.
The peetha or ground-plate should be 3 feet
wide and ½ foot high, and round like a drinking
bowl, seven kendras or centres commencing from
the eastern side, turning switches in the seven
centres, the acid vessel in the central kendra.
"Kriyaasaara" Says:
For capturing kulikaa the oil from gunja or
the seeds of the shrub abrus and tobacco leaves,
and mercury and shanaka crystal are recommended
for use. The oils or acids of the seeds and
tobacco leaves are to be filled in goblet like
cup made of glass made of naaga, crownchika, and
sowrambha metal, add purified mercury, and fix
in the central kendra. Then apply the solar rays
to the vessel. By the action of the rays on the
acids the crystal in the vessel will become
charged with a cold frigid force called
krownchinee. Then when the kulikaa force enters
the vessel with its fierce heat, it will be
sucked in by the cold-storage crystal.
In the left kendra the cloth with folds
should be fixed. Says "Patakalpa.--"
In order to confine in the crystal the fierce
heat of kulikaa it should be wrapped in the
folds of a cloth of fine and strong texture made
of spikenard and jute yarn, with 5 folds and 3
openings. From the openings 3 glass tubes should
be projected with downward bends into 3 wide
mouthed vessels. To the north--east must be
fixed the chakradanti naala for attracting the
kulikaa force. Snake-skin, gum of srini, woollen
yarn, soft grass, should be boiled together and
lac-coloured cloth-like glass prepared, and
purified with sundikaa wood oil. It should he
rolled in coils just as a snake circles up in
coils and sleeps. The tiny glass tubes should be
attached at the bottom of the chakradanti as
directed.
Then ksheeree-pata naala, or milk-cloth tube
is to be fixed. Made of milk-cloth with
wide-opening, strong, soft, a tube should he
inserted in the mouth of the chakradanti, and
its end should be made to reach the hole in the
peetha. Through that the kulikaa force makes its
exit. After placing ksheeree pata naala like
this with key, the electric wire connected
central operating switch should be placed in the
west. And to the north-east of it the
vistritaasya or opening out switch should be
fixed.
Says "Kriyaasaara":
It should have two satchels, two openings,
two right-revolving and reverse-revolving
wheels. In the eastern opening should be fixed
the 2 right-revolving wheels. And in the
northern mouth should be fixed the 2 reverse
motion wheels. And as in an umbrella, sticks
connecting all the parts with the centre, for
the purpose of expansion and contraction by
turning a switch. By operating the switch in the
eastern opening all parts will open out or
expand. By operation of the northern switch all
parts will close up. This is the upasamhaara
keelakaa.
Having enumerated the parts of the yantra,
their operation is now given. First the electric
switch. By putting it on, the Bhraamanee chakra
or pivotal wheel will revolve setting in motion
individual parts as and when desired by turning
their respective switches. Then electric current
should be passed to the acid containing the
crystal. Solar rays also should then be passed
into it. Thereby, in the acid there will be
generated a female shakti of 5 nyankas called
sowlikaa. Similarly in the crystal there will be
generated a male shakti of 8 nyankas called
chulikaa. By operation of the electric
current the two shaktis will get unified and
produce an extremely cold shakti called
"crownchinee," capable of attracting the
kulikaa. That crownchinee force should be
projected through naala or tube towards the
kulikaa, like imbedding a gunja pea in a lump of
lac. Thereby the crownchinee will drag the
kulikaa inside the yantra through the tube and
drop it into the acid vessel where it will be
imbibed by the crystal.
Then the patormikaa key should be turned,
whereby the patormikaa will become wide open
preventing any air from entering the crystal by
covering it completely. Then the chakradanti key
should be turned slowly, so that its mouth opens
out and sucks the hot kulikaa from the crystal,
and stores it inside itself. Then the key of the
sookshmaadarsa naala, fine mirror tubes, should
be operated. The kulikaa in chakradanti will
emerge through the 3 tubes. Then the
vistritaasya key should be operated quickly so
that all the parts will open out, and the
kulikaa shakti will get out and disappear, and
the danger to the pilot will have passed. Then
by operating the upasamhaara keelaka, the
expanded parts will close up and the yantra will
return to normalcy.
Now we shall deal with Pushpinee yantra. When
the pilot has to travel during spring and summer
months, the pushpinee yantra is intended to
provide him with necessary comforts.
According to "Khetavilaasa":
In spring a force called sowrikaa emanates
from the south-east. And in summer a force
called panchashikhaa arises in the north-west
and is intensified by the sun's rays.
Panchashikhaa contains two kinds of poisons.
Sowrikaa having fire and moon contents is cold
and hot, cold internally, and hot externally. It
generates warmth in all creations, making the
human kind perspire, and the trees and
vegetation bring out their milk and gums.
Thereby their bodies are relieved of harmful
materials likely to lead to diseases.
By its cold effect and attracting the spring
effect from the solar rays, it permeates all
things, and brings out shoots, tendrils, flowers
and a glow in all trees and creepers. Similarly
it effects the 7 physiological components of the
human body and increases their vigour, strength,
growth, and glow.
Panchashikhaa shakti or force effects movable
and immovable life adversely by its stultifying
influence, shrinks and dries up the growth
process of both vegetable and animal life and
causes deterioration. To counteract this harmful
effect of the season on the personnel of the
vimaana, the pushpinee yantra is commended as
one of the constituents of the aeroplane.
Its parts are, the base, the cold processing
mirror, keelaka or key, cold generating crystal,
acid vessel, electric wheel with 100 spokes.
The sunda-mud made glass is prepared,
according to "Paarthiva-paaka Kalpa" as follows.
Take salt, shinjeera, bone, and betel-nut salt,
durona, kuruvinda grass (cyperus rotundus), gum,
sowraashtra mud, virinchi vatika or banyan bark,
silk cotton tree bark, and coir salt, these
ingredients are to be taken in the proportion of
5, 12, 2, 3, 8, 3, 30, and 6, purified, filled
in the crucible, and placed in the tortoise
shaped furnace, boiled 32 times in 100 degree
heat with the help of two faced bellows, and the
resulting fluid poured into the cooling yantra.
A pure and fine sunda-mud-glass will be formed.
With the glass thus produced by boiling 32
times, a base is to be formed 12 inches wide, 3
inches high, four-square or circular. From the
centre of it 4 kendras or centres are to be
marked. In the centre an arm-sized pivot made of
the said glass should be fixed. On top of it is
to be fixed the cold-processing mirror key. At
its centre should be fixed the cold producing
crystal. At the eastern centre should be placed
the acid vessel.
Dravapaatra or acid vessel is described in
"Kriyaasaara." It should be 12 inches wide and
12 inches high, shaped like a tumbler, circular,
and hard like a cocoanut shell, and be made of
the sheeta-ranjikaa glass.
The glass is described in "Darpana
Prakarana". Shasha-piththa, udupiththa, borax,
kutmala, jyotsnaa saara, rasonta kanda flour,
kudupa-salt, mica salt, shoundeera jangha shalya
flour, vaatohara, white niryaasa earth salt, and
uragha.
These 12 ingredients should be taken in the
proportion of 5, 3, 5, 1, 10, 10, 11, 8, 7, 2,
20, and 6, and after properly purifying them,
fill them in lotus-shaped crucible, and placing
it in the lotus shaped furnace filled with
burning charcoal, and with the aid of the
five-mouthed bellows blow the heat to 323
degrees temperature, and pour the liquid into
the yantra. The resulting glass is called
sheeta-ranjikaadarsa or cold-receptacle glass.
Cold-producing crystal is described in
"Maniprakarana": 5 parts of couries and manjula
powder, 4 parts udumbara salt, 3 of rubhna, 8
parts of varchulaka, 7 of sheeta ranjikaadarsha,
3 of vatu, 28 of shaalmali, 3 of salts, 7 of
mercury, 8 of white mica, 8 of karkataanghri
salt, 5 of chowlika satva, 15 of niryaasa earth,
25 of sampaathi bird kneebone--
These 14 ingredients, in the named
proportions are to be purified and filled in
mritkundala-moosha or earthen crucible, and
placed in kulakundika furnace, and with the aid
of tryambaka bellows blown into 300 degree
temperature. Fill the boiled liquid into the
mani-prasoothika, or crystal forming yantra. The
crystal produced will be pure, hard, and
intensely cold.
In front of it should be fixed .the electric
panka wheel, with 100 spokes and electric
wiring, and purified by 3 acids.
As per "Kriyaasaara," 12 parts of copper, 3
of collyrium, 8 of zinc, should be mixed and
melted with 100 degree heat. It will become pure
like gold, yellow, fine, soft, and strong. It is
called pancha-loha or five-in-one metal by those
who know. 100 leaves like those of lotus should
be formed out of them. Then 3 navels, three
navel keys, and 3 wires, and a sounding keelaka
or key, or switch, or wheel.
First the navel wheels with hinged rods
should be fixed so that the 100 petals will he
made to revolve with due speed on the four sides
of the wheel. Similarly by the side of the wheel
in front of it, another 100 petals should be
properly fixed for revolving in reverse
direction. And electric wires should be fixed on
both sides of the centre of the western wheel,
for operating the 100 spoked electric panka or
fan. Then the vessel should be filled with the
cold generating acid. And encircling the
cold-generating mani or crystal, it should be
placed in another vessel in the centre. And
copper wiring enclosed in milk-cloth should be
attached to the wire in the acid vessel. Two
wires from there with switches should be
connected with the cold ranjikaa glass or mirror
in right-turning fashion. Then current should be
switched into the electric wiring in the crystal
and acid. Then by the contact of the electric
current the forces within the crystal and the
acid will get active and their
combined cooling and comforting quality will
enter the cold ranjanikaa mirror and concentrate
in it. On operating the switch attached to it,
the cold effect will spread out all over the
interior of the vimaana, and overcoming the
scorching seasonal effect, make it comfortable
and pleasant for the pilot, and restore his
efficiency. Similarly the 100 spoked panka
(fan?) should be switched on, when a breeze will
be generated and air-condition the atmosphere of
the pilots. Thus by the use of the crystal,
acid, and panka, a state of pleasant comfort
will be induced, and vigour, exhilaration, and
competence will be injected into all the limbs
of the body. Therefore this Pushpinee yantra
should be installed in the southern section of
the vimaana.
Next Pinjula Aadarsha or Pinjulaa Mirror:
By the collision of two winds giving rise to
a whirlwind, and the fierce solar ray dashing
against it, a lightning bolt erupts and strikes
the unwary vimaana. To protect against such an
event, the pinjula mirror is to be installed. An
eight petalled lotus is to be made of the
pinjula glass. Where the petals join, a circular
dandaakaara should be made. At the back two
hinged bolts should be fixed. They should be
wound round by wires from the cold mirror. The
back should be covered with a coir-made cloth
covering. It should be fixed in the southern
side of the vimaana, at an arm's height, facing
the sun. The lightning will be absorbed by the
projecting rods coiled with wires from the cold
aadarsha mirror, and no evil effect will occur,
and the pilot can proceed in safety.
And
Naalapanchaka or Five tubes:
If the smoke from the kitchen over of the
vimaana spreads, it will cause discomfort for
people inside. Therefore the five tubes or pipes
should be inserted for the smoke to go out and
the air become clear. The pipes are to be
manufactured as follows. Magnetic iron, pinjula
mica, ghontaara metal, dhoomapaasya metal, and
tortoise shell, are to be taken in the
proportion of 1, 7, 5, 5, 8, purified, filled in
crucible, and melted with 100 degree heat, and
when ultimately cooled, a fine metal called
vaataayanee metal, or window metal will result
shining like gold.
With that metal 5 tubular outlets, 12 inches
in diameter and 12 inches in length, should be
fashioned. At one end of each of the tubes
should be fixed
a smoke-absorbing crystal. The tubes should
be inserted in the 4 sides of the vimaana,
forming outlets. One tube should be fixed at the
ceiling. The dhoomapa crystals will attract the
smoke and pass it to the outside, and clear the
vimaana of its discomfort. Hence the necessity
for the naalapanchaka, or five tubes.
Then Guhaa-garbha aadarsha yantra, or hidden
mine discovering mechanism:
According to "Yantra Sarvasva" enemies would
have placed mines and bombs underground for the
destruction of the vimaana, unless they are
discovered and de-fused in time there would be
danger. Therefore the mine-finder yantra has to
be installed in the vimaana.
Says kriyaasaara, out of the 72nd type of
glass, make a triangular, a circular, and a
quadrangular shaped glass mirrors. These are to
be fixed as follows with bolts made of
pancha-dhaaraa metal in a frame made of the wood
of the anjishtha tree. The circular mirror
should be fixed at the bottom facing downwards.
The quadrangular mirror should be fixed facing
upwards. The triangular mirror should be fixed
to the west of these two, with a panchamukha
keelee or 5 faced hinge. From the main pivot of
the quadrangular mirror to the foot of the bolt
at the south-east corner of the yantra, wires
made of copper, tiles, and panchaasya metal
should be drawn and connect them, and then the
wire ends and chumbaka crystal should be placed
in the mercuric-sulphur acid vessel. Four other
wires should be made to circle the triangular
mirror, pass through the mirror facing upwards,
and fixed to the centre of the down-ward facing
mirror. Then solar rays should be let in from
the western side. A screen cloth coated with
mirror-like gum should be placed opposite to the
triangular mirror. Then the solar rays and
electric current should be passed into the acid
vessel containing the crystal. When the
electrified rays from the crystal are passed on
to the downward facing mirror, they will explore
the ground over which the vimaana is to pass,
and discover mines and bombs like mahagola and
agni-garbha, which may have been inserted there
and reflect their complete picture in the
crystal in the acid vessel. The picture will
then be projected to the screen opposite in
clear detail, and by washing with chemicals
present a perfect photograph of the buried mines
and bombs, which could then be destroyed by due
safety measures. Therefore the guhaa-garbha
aadarsha yantra or mine-discovering yantra is
essential for a vimaana.
First the 72nd type of mirror, known as
suranjitaadarsha. "Darpana Prakarana" says:
Madder-root, live coal, ox-gall, snake-gourd,
mercury, karanja or galedupia arborea, copper, 3
kinds of sharkara (sugar or sand?), borax,
sulphur, chaaru or silk-cotton bark, lac,
kuranga, rouhinee, iron-rust, panchaanana,
liquid amber, Shiva or brionia laciniosa,
vishwa, mica, paarvanija, vydoorya gem stone, in
the proportion of 11, 27, 5, 7, 7, 3, 7, 5, 20,
3, 7, 3, 1, 32, 30, 38, 8, 7, 3, 9, 30, duly
pulverised and filling in a beaked crucible,
placed in a vaaraaha furnace, and heated to the
100th degree with the aid of the tortoise-shaped
bellows. When the finely boiled liquid is poured
in the cooling yantra, suranjika glass of
exquisite quality will result, out of which
three mirrors have to be fashioned for the
guhaa-garbha-aadarsha yantra.
Aanjishtha Tree
Kriyaasaara says, "Many kinds of trees are
suitable for use in making yantras. Of them all
the tree called aanjishtha is the finest." "The
trees having 5 qualities are 87 in number. The
best among them all is aanjishtha," says
"Udbhijya tatva saaraayanee."
Agatatvalaharee also says, the five qualities
such as the capacity to capture reflections, and
others, are found inherent in the Aanjishtha (or
madder root) tree. Therefore out of all woods
the wood of that tree is most suitable for use
in this yantra.
Pancha-dhaara-loha
In making yantras, pivots of various metals
are being used. But for use in connection with
the guhaa-garbha-aadarsha, or hidden mine
discovering instrument, the shankus or pivots
made of pancha-dhaaraa-loha or five alloy metal
are the best.
Kshvinkaa, iron-pyrites, copper, indra, and
ruruka, purified, powdered, and filled in
mrugendra moosha crucible and boiled to 300
degree heat with beaked bellows, will yield a 5
alloy metal, strong and heavy.
Paara-granthika acid for insertion of the
crystal, is described in "Moolikaarka
prakaashikaa." Mercury, bamboo salt, Indian
spikenard joint, paarvanika or clerodendrum
phlomides, svarna seeds or Indian labernum
seeds? or yellow thistle seeds?, and ghatotkaja
or American aloe, in equal quantities, should be
filled in a big bellied earthen pot, heated to
yield a golden hued shining liquid, which is
very useful for capturing reflections.
Chumbaka crystal is the one most suited for
use in capturing reflections of objects. It is
manufactured as per "Manipradeepikaa," with the
following ingredients. Magnet, sand, borax,
ivory, shoundika or long pepper, mercury,
paarvana or clerodend rum phlomoides, copper,
vermillion, iron-pyrites, grudhnika, souri or
marking nut, buffalo hoop, vishwakapaala,
cleaned and powdered, and filled in karpala
crucible and baked in a furnace with the aid of
owl-nosed bellows to 100 degrees, will yield a
fine image producing crystal.
Pigment for coating the screen so as to
present a clear picture, is called
"Roopaakarshana-niryaasa," or image reproducing
niryaasa or varnish. Out of 360 such varnishes
that is the best.
Says "Niryaasa kalpa":
Moonstone, crownchaka, bamboo rice, five
milks from banyan, fig, keg etc., trees, magnet,
udusaara, mercury, mica, pearl, earth from
ant-hill, saarasvata oil, and nakha or nail?
these 16 articles to be taken in equal parts,
purified, should be ground for a period of 30
days in the juice of the peacock's egg, then
mixed with bilva oil and boiled for four yaamaas
or twelve hours until it becomes a perfect gum
or varnish. Some call it reflector varnish. Some
call it virinchi-varnish.
The varnish is to be evenly spread on the
special cloth called patadarpana, so that it may
present as on a cinematograph screen, the
pictures reflecting the location of
anti-aircraft mines discovered by the
roopaakarshana yantra.
The production of Pata-darpana is described
in "Darpana-prakarana":
Gum, cotton, pratolikaa, kuranga or pallatory
root, maatanga or keg tree bark, cowries,
kshoneeraka, gholikachaapa, granite sand,
parotikaa, sea-foam, priyangava, ghanjhotikaa,
sugar-cane, rukma or argemone mexicana,
kesara or mesua ferraa gum, earthen salt,
suvarchala, urugha, bydaara oil, muchukunda
flour, sinjaanu, anchaalika, turmeric, kaarmuka
or acacia catechu, these ingredients in the
proportion of 100, 58, 25, 28, 4, 12, 5, 3, 1,
30, 10, 5, 8, 12, 3, 13, 22, 27, 28, 3, 24, 7,
3, 13, should be cleansed, powdered, filled in a
vessel, and boiled in the furnace with 100
degree heat, and the unified fluid should be
poured on a flat surface so as to form an even
surfaced sheet. After drying, the photographic
niryaasa varnish is to be used to coat this
sheet, for use in the Guhaa-garbha
aadarsha-yantra.
Thamo yantra or Darkness creating yantra:
Vimaanaas are liable to be attacked by
enemies with poison fumes of Rouhinee or
krakachaarimani rays. As a protection against it
the thamo yantra has to be installed in the
vimaana. Out of 132 types of thamo-yantras, the
62nd variety is said to be the best for
safe-guarding against poison fume and ray
attacks by the enemy.
Black lead, aanjanika (collyrium?),
vajra-tunda are to be powdered and mixed in
equal quantities, filled in fish-shaped crucible
and placed in crow shaped furnace, heated to 100
degrees, and poured into the cooling receptacle
will yield a fine, light, strong
thamo-garbha-loha, or darkness impregnated alloy
metal, useful for making Thamo-yantra.
The peetha or stand is to be 3 feet wide and
½ foot high, square or round. In the centre of
it is to be fixed the pivot. At its front should
be placed the vessel of the acid of guggala or
Indian dellium. To the west should be fixed the
mirror for enhancing darkness, and in the east
should be fixed the solar ray attracting tube.
In the centre should be fixed the wire operating
wheel, and to its south should be fixed the main
operating wheel or switch.
Its working is as follows. On turning the
wheel in the south east, the two faced mirror
fixed to the tube will revolve and collect the
solar rays. By operating the wheel in the north
west, the acid in the vessel will begin
functioning. By slightly moving the wheel in the
south-east, the solar rays will enter the
crystal in the acid vessel. By turning the wheel
in the west, the darkness intensifying mirror
will begin to function. By turning the central
wheel the rays attracted by the mirror will
reach the crystal and
envelop it. Then the main wheel should be
revolved with great speed, when the darkness
will be produced enveloping the vimaana and
making it invisible, and the efforts of the
enemies to attack it with poison gas and rays
will miss their target and become ineffective.
This yantra should be placed in the north-west
sector of the Vimaana Panchavaataskandha-Naala.
Iron rust, shaarana, copper, suvarchala salt,
in equal parts, to be filled in mayookha
crucible, placed in jumboo-mukha furnace, and
using kaakamukha bellows boiled to 102 degrees
and cast in the yantra, will yield a pure,
light, soft, strong, nice cool metal known as
vaatadhaarana loha.
4 tubes, each 2 yards long and 1 yard high,
should be prepared. Like the circular opening in
the top of the vimaana two openings on each and
one at the bottom should be prepared. Each tube
should be inserted in the said openings. Another
tube 12 feet long and 3 feet high should be
fixed on the western side in the opening at the
top. To each tube should be attached bellows'
mouth operated by wheels. By turning the wheels
of the 5 tubes the 5 poisonous winds will be
sucked in and passed into the tubes to make
their exit, without causing harm to the plane.
Lohasarvasva says:
There are 13 air layers known as Vrishni and
others. By the force of the Panktiraadhasa
Kendra, they tend to jostle each other, and
generate fierce forces which will be destructive
to the unwary vimaana which may get involved in
them. Therefore the Pancha-Vaata-Skandha-Naala
Yantra is to be inserted in the back portion of
the vimaana; to safeguard against evil
consequences.
Roudree Darpana Mirror.
From the south-eastern side of the earth-sun
axis solar rays touch the turbulent forces in
the etherial regions, and burst into flames, and
vimaanas which may be out on their course may be
destroyed by the flames. To prevent such a
happening the roudree-darpana yantra should be
installed in the bottom of the vimaana.
Says "Yantrasarvasva", "At the time when
spring passes into summer, the forces in the
junctional regions of the sky, on contact by
fierce solar
rays, burst into tumultuous flames, and
destroy all things that pass through, Therefore
the roudree darpana should be fitted in the
vimaana as a safe-guard against that."
According to "Darpana Prakarana," iron rust,
magnet, veera iron, borax, panchaanana metal,
mica, honey, red castor bark, banyan,
suryavarchula or sweet-salt, gold, alika,
shaarkara or benzoin tree bark, pancha tikta or
5 sours, snake gourd, and paaduka, are to be
powdered, cleaned, and in equal quantities
filled in padmaasya crucible, and placed in
vishvodara furnace and heated to 200 degrees.
The molten liquid poured into the mould will
yield excellent flame-proof roudree-darpana
glass.
With this roudree-darpana glass a plank of 16
feet in dimension should be prepared. A pivot 25
inches thick should be fixed at the centre of
the plank. At the edge Of the pivot, two wheels
should be fixed revolving with right motion and
reverse motion for expanding and contracting. A
wheel equipped with rods for spokes should be
fixed, the spokes being 15 inches from each
other. Sheets made of roudree glass, washed with
linseed, drona or lucas aspera, liquid amber,
and madder root oils should be fixed to the rods
with hinges. Similarly crystals made of
roudree-darpana glass, with 5 facets, cleaned
with the oils should be fixed at the end of the
rods. Between each rod 18 leaves like lotus
leaves with revolving keys should be fixed. The
instrument is to be shaped like an umbrella. The
leaves should be fixed at the pivot top with 8
keys.
When the burning flames are imminent, the
pilot should turn the expansion wheel
vigorously, and the umbrella will open up and
provide a shielding cover for the vimaana. The
lotus petals, the crystals, and the enveloping
cover will protect the vimaana from the
threatened danger.
Next, the Vaata-skandhana-naala.
According to "Gati-nirnaya-adhyaaya"
In the Aavaha and other giant wind spheres
there are 122 kinds of different motions of the
wind. In the summer season the 79th kind of
motion occurs mostly. When the vimaana travels
in the 4th region of the sky, it tends to
zig-zag owing to the wind currents, and cause
hardship to pilots and other occupants.
Therefore as a safe-guard against it, the
Vaatastambhana-naala-yantra should be installed
in the bottom section of the vimaana.
The vaatastambhana naala yantra should be
manufactured with the vaatastambhana metal only.
According to "Lohatatva prakarana," dantee or
croton seeds, suvarchala or sun-flower salt,
mayoora or sulphur, lohapanchaka or copper,
brass, tin, lead, and iron, bhrisundika,
suranjika or sulphate of mercury, varaahaanghri
loha, virohina or creya arboria, kuberaka,
muraarikaanghri metal, ranjika or phosphorus,
suhamsanetraka, dala or folia malabathy, courie
sea-shell, mrinaalikaa or lotus stalk, to be
powdered, cleaned, and in equal quantities
filled in matsya or fish-shaped crucible, and
placed in maaghima furnace, and with the aid of
vijrimbhana bellows duly melted, will yield a
molten liquid which when poured into the mould
and cooled will yield an excellent
vaatastambhana loha.
With that metal 6 naalas or tubes of 15
inches diameter, with wide openings should be
prepared and fixed in the tail and centre and
front of the vimaana 10 inches deep, east to
west and north to south, and held together with
hoop iron binders. At the mouth of each tube a
vaatapaa or air imbibing crystal should be fixed
by wires. Between the tubes flags or pennants
made of cotton-cloth duly processed, should be
tied. And wheels made of the special metal
should be fixed above each pennant. When the
vaataayanee wind blast blows, the pennants will
flutter noisily, and the wheels fixed underneath
them will also revolve as also the crystals. The
fluttering pennants pass the blowing wind to the
wheels which pass them on to the crystals, which
will pass them into the tubes from which they
will be ejected through openings to the outside.
That will protect the vimaana from their
interference.
Next Vidyuddarpana Yantra.
Sowdaaminee kalaa explains it as follows:
During the rainy season, when rain clouds
gather in the sky, lightning of five kinds begin
to play. They are named vaaruni, agnimukha,
danda, mahat, raavanika. Of them, vaaruni and
agnimukha are very active and fearful and are
likely to be attracted by the roudree-darpana
and other mirrors and cause fires which destroy
the vimaana. In order to prevent that the
vidyud-yantras should be installed in the front
and the right side of the aeroplane.
In order to protect the plane from lightning,
vaaruni and agni, the vidyuddarpana should be
installed in the vimaana.
Darpana Prakarana explains its structure:
Kuranga or pallatory root, panchaasya metal,
virinchi, shonaja or red lead, sand, alum,
kutbha or hellebore, pearl, sundaaliga, mercury,
yavakshaara or salt-petre, borax, bidouja salt,
pingaaksha or terminalia chebula (?), cowries,
and karbura or hedychum specatum, powdered and
purified, in the proportion of 10, 7, 4, 3, 12,
2, 3, 7, 11, 27, 14, 3, 22, 18, 5, and 11,
filled in padmaasya crucible, placed in
vishvodara furnace, and with the aid of the 5
mouthed bellows heated to 500 degrees, the
molten liquid will yield in the cooling mould a
glass which is impregnated with 300 shaktis or
forces, and can overpower the lightning blasts
from the vaaruni and agni forces, shining with
wonderful rays, and capable of spreading its own
lighting force within 2 kshanas or a few seconds
to a distance of 5 yojanas or 15 miles.
With that lightning darpana glass should be
constructed the Vidyuddarpana yantra. A plank,
20 feet in diameter and 1 foot high, square or
circular in shape should be prepared, 4 glass
tubes of crescent moon shape should be fixed
around the peetha or plank. In the centre should
be fixed a cage made of chumbuka glass, fitted
with wires and 5 faced switches at each face,
and 5 goblets made of vidyuddarpana. In the
centre should be fixed a spire made of the same
glass with 7 cross spokes and tubes, 8 faced and
10 angled. By turning the key inside, the spire
is to revolve with speed. That will attract and
contain the lightning emitted by the clouds. The
rays will expel it to the outer air region, and
incapacitate it. Then a snow-like cool
temperature will render the interior of the
vimaana safe and pleasant for the pilot and
other occupants. Therefore this vidyuddarpana
yantra should be installed duly in the vimaana.
Shabda-Kendra Mukha Yantra.
"Kriyaasaara"' says--
The spots from which sounds emanate in the
sky are called shabda-kendras or sound centres.
The different directions from which the sounds
are projected are called shabda-kendra
mukhas. The yantra which is meant to control the
sounds so projected is called shabda-kendra
mukha yantra.
Out of 304 classified sounds the sounds of
water-laden clouds, wind, and lightning are said
to be fiercest. In the 8th region of the sky
these three sounds unify in the shishira Ritu or
February-March period, and produce ear-splitting
thunders. They would deafen pilots and others in
the vimaana. As protection against that the
shabda-kendra mukha yantra is to be installed.
It is said in Shabda-nibandhana, "By the
combination of water, fire, air, and sky, sound
is generated both among living and life-less
objects. The sounds in the word "Shabdaha,"
i.e., sha, b, d, and ha, indicate water, fire
air, and sky symbolically."
"Naamarthha-kalpa" says,
We shall deal with the nature of sound or
"shabdaha". The word consisting of sounds sha,
ba, da, and ha, stands for water, fire, air, and
sky. By the combination of these four forces in
various proportions, 304 different kinds of
sounds are generated.
The Braahmana bhaaga of the Veda also says
shabdaas are of 304 kinds, such as sphota or
embryo, very feeble sound, feeble sound, manda
or soft, very soft, fast, very fast, medium,
very medium, great sound, thunder sound, and
thunder-bolt sound.
It is said in Yantra-Sarvasva,
In the 8th region of the sky, by the
concatenation of water-cloud, wind and fire, an
extremely fearful thunder clap will occur which
will blast the ears of pilots who may enter the
region. To safeguard against that the
vaataskandha mukha yantra is to be installed in
the vimaana.
In the 8th region of the sky there are 307
centres of sound. From the 70th centre a fierce
sound proceeds by the force of water. From the
312th centre a fierce sound produced by wind
will emanate. Similarly from the 82nd centre a
fierce sound generated by lightning will
emanate. By collision of the three a terrible
sound will result which will deafen the pilots
of the vimaana. Therefore facing each sound
emanation centre the shabdopasamhaara yantra is
to be established.
Gavyaarika, monkey's skin, duck-weed,
shana-kosha or jute product, crounchika or lotus
stalk, vaaripishtaka or shag, roonthaaka, flesh,
elephant trunk, and tin, are to be purified, and
the nine elements, other than the skin, in equal
parts, filled in niryaasa yantra and baked for 3
days with buffalo bile, will yield a decoction
of fine scarlet colour. Seven times this
decoction should be spread on the skin, and left
to dry in the sun. The skin will then acquire
the capacity to suppress sound.
A box 2 feet long and 1 foot high made of
badhira or deaf metal is to be made. Two pipes
made of the same metal shaped like crane's beak,
should be fixed inside it. Above it should be
fixed an umbrella made of shabdapaa darpana, or
sound-drinking glass. A crystal washed with
tulasee or basil seed oil should be placed
inside the monkey skin and sealed with
rhinoceros gum. The sealed skin with crystal
should be placed in the central pipe inside the
box. Monkey skin alone should be placed in the
pipe on the left side. Thin wires should connect
them all and be fitted with hinges and switches.
Above the canopy of the box a monkey skin shaped
like lion's mouth should be connected by wire
through a pipe to the crystal in the tube inside
the box. The top of the box should be covered,
securely.
Badhira loha or deaf-proof metal is explained
in Lohatantra-Prakarana; lime fruit, laguda or
sweet-scented oleander, virinchi, rishika or
water-calteop, maaloora or Bengal quince,
panchaanana metal, luntaaka, varasimhika or
solenum xunthokurpum, kuravaka or gigantic
swallow-wort, sarpaasya or mesua ferrea, vaakula
or surinam medlar, jack-fruit, camphor and
vatika or salvinia cusullata, in equal parts,
purified, and filled in tryutee crucible, and
heated in the furnace, will when cast produce a
metal, cold, dark, sound-proof, powerful, able
to control bleeding, and draw out missile parts
from the war wounds of soldiers and healing
them, and capable of reducing the effect of
thunder claps.
The simhaasya bellows is to collect the
fierce sound and transmit it to the crystal
inside the metal box so that the monkey skin
will absorb it and stifle its intensity.
Therefore shabda-kendra mukha yantra should be
installed in the vimaana.
Vidyud-dwaadashaka Yantra, or Yantra of 12
lightnings is explained in Kriyaasaara.
In the realm of the comets and shooting stars
in the sky, at the 8th region there are 30703221
shooting stars. 8000 of them are prone to
lightnings, and 12 of them known as mahaakaala
etc., are of importance.
Shakti-tantra says, "The 12 lightnings which
form the eyes of the shooting stars are named,
rochishee, daahakaa, simhee, patanga,
kaalanemikaa, lataa, vrindaa, rataa, chandee,
mahormee, paarvanee, mridaa."
Kheta-sarvasva Says:
Mahaakaala, mahaagraasa, mahaajwaalaamukha,
visphulinga mukha, deerghavaala, khanja,
mahormika, sphulinga-vamana, ganda,
deergha-jihva, duronaka, and sarpaasya are 12
comets with 12 lightning eyes.
The lightning effects of the comets are
extremely severe in the period of sharat or
autumn, October and November, and vasanta or
spring, March and April. By the collision of the
solar rays and the lightnings a force called
ajagara is created. When the vimaana reaches the
20th region of the sky, that force paralyses the
plane. To protect against such happenings the
vidyuddwaadasha yantra is to be installed.
Yantra Sarvasva also Says:
Vidyuddwaadasa yantra is excellent in
protecting against the lightning effect of
comets. Its details are as follow. First duly
coated jataghana should be prepared. It should
have 22 folds so as to cover the vimaana.
Poundraka and other crystals should be fixed in
each of the folds. Then mahorna acid should be
placed inside in the north-east side of the
vimaana. 8 rods, each of 6 arms length, made of
anti-lightning glass should be fixed in the 8
directions over the cover of the vimaana. At the
beginning, middle, and end of the vimaana
canopy, spring wheels made of dambholee metal, 5
faced and interconnected should be fixed with
revolving bolts. Cages made of wire should
enclose the poundraka crystals, and the wire
terminals should be attached to the spring
wheels. The wire ends from 4 of the cages should
have a common switch.
On the main wheel being put in speedy motion
the 12 crystal cages will revolve, the
enveloping cloth cover will spread out, and the
lightning
absorbing power of the cloth will be
activated. The crystals will attract the ajagara
lightning, bifurcate the comet lightning from
the solar rays, and transmit it to the 8 rods.
The rods will absorb and then transfer the
lightning power to the folds of the power proof
cloth. By operating the central switch in the
enclosure, a force called vidyut-kuthaarika, or
lightning-axe, will be generated in the acid,
and it will attract the comet force from the
cloth, and submerge it in the acid. Then by
operating the end switch in the enclosure, the
ajagara force in the acid will dart towards the
pataghana cloth-cover and take refuge, where
upon the blowing wind will evaporate it and
nullify its effects, and the vimaana will be out
of danger.
According to Darpana Prakarana,
Shundaala metal, mridakaantaka or mountain
ebony, ghanodara, budilaakara or tamarind,
vatsanaabha poison, pankaja or eclipta
prostrala, kutilaraga, naga or mesua ferrea,
white sand, vara or syndhava salt, garada, mica,
garala, or honey product, mukha, shringa,
sphatika crystal, avara, muktaaphala or pearl?
guggulu or boswellia glabra, kaanta or steel,
kuranja or Indian beach, natron, salt-petre,
borax, copper, snake scale, udupa, barren tree,
sonamukhee or Tinnevelly senna, brown barked
acacia, jaambalika or citrus grass? lemongrass?
kusha grass, kudmala or flower bud, gold, these
26 ingredients, purified and filled in crucible
and placed in padmaakara furnace, and with the
aid of simhaasya or lion-faced bellows heated to
300 degrees, and poured into the mould, will
yield a fine anti-lightning glass.
Dambhola loha or thunderbolt metal is thus
described in Lohatatitra-Prakarana:
Urvaaraka, kaaravika, kuranga, shundaalika,
chandramukha, virancha, kraantodara, yaalika,
simhavaktra, jyotsnaakara, kshwinka,
pancha-mourtwika, metals should be purified and
placed in mandooka-or frog-crucible, placed in
the five faced furnace, and with the aid
panchamukha or 5 mouthed bellows heated to 500
degrees, will yield the dambholi alloy.
Poundrika crystals are described in
Maniprakarana which describes the poundrika
crystal.
veeragha, gajatundika, taaraa mukha,
maandalika, panchaasya, amrita sechaka, these 12
crystals are destroyers of ajigara.
Draavaka prakarana explains mahorna acid:
pynaaka, panchamukha, ammonium chloride, wild
liquorice, iron-pyrites, kudupa, vajrakanda,
budila, mercury, steel, charcoal, mica, these in
equal parts purified and boiled in acid boiler,
will yield mahorna acid.
Praana-Kundalinee Yantra.
According to "Kheta-Sarvasva," where the
contact of smoke, lightning and wind courses in
the sky occurs is the praanakundalee position.
The yantra which can control, restrain, and set
in motion the forces of these three in their
several courses, is called praana-kundalee
yantra.
According to Kriyaasaara, the yantra which is
installed in the praanakundalee kendra of the
vimaana in order to control the forces of
lightning, wind, and smoke, and adjusts their
movements is called praana-kundalinee yantra.
Says Yantra-sarvasva, "In order to control
the movements of the forces of smoke,
electricity and wind, and make them disperse,
move, halt, or make stunt move or reverse move,
the praana-kundalinee yantra is installed in the
vimaana. A peetha or stand 3 feet in diametre
and 3 feet high, square or. circular, should be
made of vrishala metal, with 8 kendras or
central spots. In each central spot, two wheels
with revolving hinges; small peethaas or plates
with 3 holes, 4 teeth, 3 pivots, in their middle
a central pivot, three red-coloured tubes or
pipes with opening and closing wheels, and
switches for right motion, and reverse motion,
with a shabda-naala in the centre, with wheels
(with hinges and rods) which will flap the
wings; from the north-east and south-east
kendras and the middle-kendra in the west up to
the middle of the course of the yaana kundalinee
revolving wheels with pivots. Motions are by
means of hand wheels. By the operation of the
several wheels the plane will be set in motion.
From the central pivot of the 8 kendras strong
wires should pass the eastern peetha or
footboard through randhras or holes and reach
the tops of the 3 tubes at the window. The 3
forces should be made to aid the motion of the
vimaana, and the remnant of the force should be
passed through the 8 tubes and get lost in the
sky, leaving the vimaana unperturbed."
The eight powers of the planets and stars, at
the time of full moon in the month of
kaartika,--i.e., November-December, are pulled
forcefully by mahaa-vaarunee shakti or great
cold force. In the 137th route in the sky there
is a jala-pinjooshikaa shakti which will attract
and spread them all over, and there will be a
fierce outburst of dew and snow. Then 3 currents
will be generated: one will be a damp cold air
flow; the second will be a wet dewy flow; and
the third will be a cold air flow. When the
vimaana approaches that region, the first force
will divest it of all power. The second force
will benumb the pilots and operators. The third
force will envelop the vimaana and make it
invisible. Thus overcome, the vimaana will
crash. As protection against such a happening
the shaktyudgama yantra should be fixed in the
navel spot of the vimaana.
"Khetasangraha" says,
"Eight planets are, Mars, Sun, Saturn, Venus,
Mercury, Moon, Jupiter, and Ruru. And krittikaa,
shatabhisha, makha, mrigashiras, chitra,
shravana, pushya, and ashvinee are eight
luminous stars. In the course of their transit
through space the planets and stars approach
each other in the period of sharat or autumn
generating eight forces."
"Chaara-nibandhana" also says, "According to
the science of astronomy, planets and stars in
the course of their perambulations happen to
approach one-another. Then conflict arises
between the magnetic and electric forces of
planet and star, and eight cold forces are
generated in consequence."
"Shakti-sarvasva" says, "When the star
krittika comes near planet Mars, a force called
shaktyudgamaa is generated. Similarly, by the
star shatabhisha coming near the planet, Sun, a
cold force called jwaalaamukhee is generated. By
the nearness of mrigashiraa and Venus a damp
cold windy force called mahojjwalaa is
generated. By the approach of star makhaa to
planet Saturn a force called shytya-damshtraa is
generated. By the approach of chitta to Mercury
a force called shytya-hymaa is generated. By the
approach of shravana to Moon a cold wave force
called sphoranee is generated. By the nearness
of pushya to Ruru a force called mahormilaa in
generated. And by the approach of ashwinee
towards Jupiter a force called mandookinee is
generated.
These eight forces, shytyodgamaa, sheeta
jwaalaa-mukhee, shytya-damshtraa,
sheetarasa-jwaalaa, shytya hemaa, sphoranee,
sheetarasa-ghanaatmikaa, and shytya-mandookinee,
by mutual inter-play according to the seasons,
will become six new forces."
Says "Ritukalpa,"--"In spring the differing
forces will be 5, in summer 7. in the rainy
season 8, in autumn 3, in hemanta or cold season
10, and in winter 2.
The 3 forces during autumn are as follows.
The planet-star forces by contact with the sun's
rays, assume 3 forms. Sheeta-jwaala,
shytya-damshtraa, and shytyodgamaa, coalesce and
become sheetarasa-vaata shakti.
Shytya-rasa-jwaalaa, shytya hymaa, and sphoranee
coalesce and become vaari sheetasheekaraa
shakti. Shytya-ghanarasaa and shytya mandookinee
become sheeta-vaata-rasa-praavaahika shakti."
Yantra Sarvasva Says,
"To protect the vimaana from the effects of
these three forces the shaktyudgama yantra
should be installed.
First with the shytyagraahaka loha or
cold-absorbing metal, protective hoods should be
prepared both for the pilot and for the plane.
At the front and tail portion of the aeroplane
cover should be fitted switches for contraction
and expansion. In the front or elbow hinge of
the supporting beam of the covers the two
sandhi-keelie should be fitted. Three tubes
should be prepared out of the cold-proof glass,
and should be fitted in front and on either side
of the pilot's cock-pit. Bhraamanee chakra or
wheel should be fitted at the front. When the
three shaktis or forces attack the vimaana, the
expansion wheel should be revolved vigorously.
It will first cover the pilots and then cover
the entire plane also. By operating the
bhraamanee wheel the attacking forces will be
slowly absorbed, and the shaktis will be forced
through the cold air tubes. By operating the
main switch of the naala tantries, or wires, the
forces will be made to go through the tubes into
the outside air, and vanish therein. The pilot
and the vimaana will both be saved from danger.
"Loha-tantra" describes the shytya-graahaka
loha, or cold absorbing metal as follows:
Blue lotus, crowdika or rhinoceros horn or
vaaraahi root, somakanda,
vishwaavasu, crownchika alloy, chandrakaanta
or moon-stone, vaardhyashvaka alloy, varuna
tree, 5 kudmalas, simhaasya, shankhalavaa, and
goose-berry, to be purified and in equal
quantities filled in shundaalaka crucible,
placed in chanchoomukha kunda, and with
panchaanana bellows heated will yield a fine
cold-capturing alloy.
"Darpana prakarana" describes cold-proof
glass: lead, kapaalee, moonstone, castor,
margosa seed, trinaanga or cus-cus grass,
kshaara-traya or natron, salt-petre, and borax,
suvarchalaa or sun-flower?, fine sand, bhaarika,
collyrium or eye-black, kuranga or pallatory
root, panchormikaa, chandrarasa, and shivarika,
purified and in equal quantities filled in
simhika crucible, placed in padmaakara furnace,
and with the aid of shoorpodara bellows heated
to 300 degrees, and poured into mould and
cooled, will yield an excellent sheetaghna
darpana or cold-proof glass.
Vakra-prasaarana Yantra:
Enemies attempt to destroy one's vimaana by
missiles and dambholi and other mechanisms. The
pilot should discover them by means of mukura
and other yantras and immediately change course
and avoid the trouble. Therefore the
Vakraprasaarana yantra, or diversion enabling
mechanism should be installed in the vimaana.
Yantra Sarvasva says,
"When there is danger from dambholi and 8
other kinds of destructive mechanisms contrived
by enemies, in order to escape that danger the
vakraprasaarana yantra is prescribed:
Sulphate of iron, sacred peepul gum, and
copper 16 parts, krishnaaguru or black
sandalwood 3 parts, zinc 5 parts, collyrium 1
part, should be purified and mixed and boiled
with 100 degree heat. Aaraara copper alloy will
be formed, goldish and light and hard. A wheel 3
feet wide and 3 feet high should be made out of
it. It should have a pivot, and be installed in
the bottom of the eeshaadanda axle moola of the
vimaana. Four inches thick and of arm's length,
with 16 wheels having band-saw toothed edges
attached to two pivots, oil-cleaned, with 3
joints, with oil-cleaned rods attached to the
saw-toothed wheels, with keys; in the middle
should be fixed 2 keys which will eject
smoke, and 2 keys which will shut off smoke.
Proper wiring should connect the several parts.
This will enable the vimaana to zigzag like a
serpent, to reverse, and to divert so as to
avoid the danger zone, and get out safely."
Shakti Panjarakeela Yantra:
In order to provide electric force to all
parts of the vimaana and make them operate
smoothly the shakti-panjara-keela yantra is to
be installed.
According to Yantrasarvasva, "As a means of
charging all parts of the vimaana with electric
current the shakti-panjara-keela is prescribed.
It is made as follows:
Steel, crownchika alloy, and iron, in the
proportion of 10, 8, and 9, to be powdered and
filled in crucible, and placed in aatapa furnace
and heated to 100 degrees and charged with 10
degrees of electric current, will yield
Shakti-garbha metal with which the yantra is to
be made.
A peetha or plank of arm's length and equal
height, should be made out of above metal. In
the middle and at either end of the peetha three
pivots with half moon shaped hinges should be
fixed. A flat bar made of copper should be fixed
and tightened with bolts. Pipes with holes are
to be made out of the metal and equipped with
rods fixed in the holes, and connected all round
with wires, forming a strong caged globe. The
cage should be fixed at the top of the copper
band. For the rods and wires in the cage to
receive electric current a switch should be duly
fixed at the bottom of the cage. And switches
should be provided for all the 32 parts of the
vimaana for electric connection and
disconnection. This enables the plane to career
through the sky in any desired direction."
Shirah-Keelaka Yantra.
It is said in Kriyaa-saara, "When the plane
is passing through a region of overhanging
clouds, there is possibility of lightning
striking and destroying the plane. As protection
against that the shirah-keelaka yantra should be
installed at the crest of the vimaana."
The Yantra is described in Yantra Sarvasva:
"When there is danger of lightning striking
the plane, the shirah-keelaka yantra is to
protect it. Therefore it is explained below. An
umbrella, of the
same size as the top of the vimaana, with
ribs and metal covering should be made out of
vishakantha metal. The umbrella stick, of arm's
length, and peetha or stand, circular in shape,
should be made out of the same metal. Then out
of baka-tundila metal three wheeled keelakaas or
hinges should be fixed at the front, back, and
middle of the vimaana. The umbrella rod should
be fixed in the middle of two keelakas.
The agnikuthaara crystal with metal cage
should be fixed at the top like a crown. A three
wheel switch revolving key should be fixed by
the side of the pilot. Then wires made of
kulishadhwamsa metal should be run from the
crystal to the three wheeled revolving keelaka.
In front of it shabda-naala tube with switch
should be fixed. The yantra should be enclosed
in a cover made of suranjikaa glass. When there
is anticipatory thunder in the clouds, the glass
covering cracks, and the tube of the wiring will
emit sounds, and the wires will be severely
shaken. When the pilot notices these signs, he
should quickly set in motion the three-wheel
keelee, which will revolve the umbrella with 100
linka speed. Then the crystal switch should also
be turned, where-upon the crystal will also
revolve with intense speed. By the speed of the
revolution of the umbrella, the force of
lightning will be stemmed, and the danger will
be passed, leaving the vimaana and the pilot
safe. That is the use of the shirah-keela
yantra."
Shabdaakarshana yantra:
In order to tap or discover the sounds in the
8 directions of the vimaana, wired or wireless,
up to 12 krosas or 27 miles, caused by birds or
quadrupeds or by men, with 8 mechanisms, the
shabdaakarshana yantra is prescribed to be fixed
in the shoulder of the vimaana. A peetha or
foot-plate four-cornered or round should be made
out of bidaala metal, with a pivot in the
centre. On either side should be fitted machines
which will attract any kind of sound and repeat
it. With the soft leather of roruva or grinjinee
bird two ball-shaped domes should be fixed.
Between them in a suraghaadarsa vessel
katana-drava acid should be filled and the
vessel should be installed. Above the acid
vessel and between the two globes should be
fixed sound spotting rod made of sound capturing
ghantaara metal, fitted with a bunch of wires.
It should be enclosed in a cover made of kwanaka
glass. In the corner three thumb size wheeled
knots should be fixed. From them to the rod fine
strong wires should be connected. Enclosing the
wires a karanda or
container made by kwanaadarsa glass, with
small holes should be placed. A vessel made of
the same glass, shaped like a drona or grain
measurer, should be placed on top of it. In the
east and west and north and south 4 crystals
named rudantee-ratikaa should be arranged with
wires. Above it shabdaphenaka covering, with
small shankus or screws fixed, should be placed.
It should be covered by a covering made of
kwanaadarsa glass, with 8 small holes. Wires
starting from the screws and passing through the
holes should reach the top of the covering. In
the centre of it in an inch size hole
simhaasya-danda-naala or tube should be fixed.
In front of it a vaataapaakarshana chakra or
wind wheel with 16 spokes with wires should be
fixed. The wheels should be fixed in all 8
directions. In the simhaasya mukha naala or
lion-faced tube on 8 sides revolving wheels
should be fixed. 8 goblet like vessels made of
pure vajeemukha metal should be fixed. Wires
from the 8 holes of the covering should be
placed in them. Similarly from the wind wheel
wires should be connected to 8 screws in the 8
goblets on the simhaasya. Then from the 8 screws
in shabda-phena, wires should be connected to
the crystal in the acid vessel.
By the flow of wind the wheel turns with
speedy right and left motion, and will set in
motion the shabda-phena wheel. Then the wheels
on the 8 screws also will turn. Then the sound
detection rod made of sound-capturing ghantaara
metal will be set in motion. Thereupon the two
globes made of roruva-grinjinee skin will
attract all sounds clearly and store inside
themselves. By moving the central switch there
the sounds will pass through the simhaasya tube
and enter the dronaasya vessel, and make the
sounds clearly audible to the hearer. The pilot
will listen to the voices and direct the plane
away from the vicinity of danger. Hence the
shabdaakarshana yantra is prescribed.
This yantra is in 32 varieties. And it is
distinct from the 32 parts constituting the
vimaana.
Of
the materials required for this
yantra,--Byndaala Metal, according to
Lohasarvasva, is made as follows:
Zinc, sharkara or quartz powder?, kaanta or
steel, mica, shilaarasa, kamatha or benzoin,
dimbhaari, areca-nut, karagrathinee, copper,
virinchi, karna or sal tree, patalee or long
blue cucumber, gumbhalee, dumbholika alloy,
kshaara or chloride, kraantika, simha, panja or
momordika, dalinee, mercury, eye-black powder or
surma?, kshonika, veera or red-lead, yellow
thistle, madder-root, mridarutee, brass,
iron, these articles should be powdered, and
purified in equal quantities, filled in
shashamoosha crucible, placed in mandooka
furnace, and with five-mouthed bellows heated to
200 degrees and melted to eye-level, when cast
will yield a fine, light, blue, bydaala alloy.
Rutana acid is explained in "Moolikaarka
prakaasikaa" as follows:
Yellow thistle, karanda or iron pyrites, wild
liquorice, paarvani or chlorodendrum phlomaides,
chanchooli or red castor, bhantikaa or madder
root, kaarambha, vishwesha, chandikaa or
sesbenia grandiflora, amara or Indian turnsole?,
shundaalika, barbaraasya, sowrambha or
tooth-ache tree?, praana-kshaara or ammonium
chloride, virinchi, borax, arka or calotropis
gigantia, surubhee or basil, these in the
proportion of 4, 3, 3, 5, 7, 12, 15, 1, 3, 10,
24, 25, 30, 12, 20, 8, purified and filled in
vessel and boiled to 108 degrees, will become a
fine yellow rutana-draavaka acid.
Ghantaarava metal is explained in Lohatantra:
Bell-metal, aaraara, ruchaka or patron.?,
gaaruda or emerald stone?, shalyakrintana,
panchaasya, veerana, rukma or gold-metal,
shukatunda, and sulochana, these 10 metals
purified and powdered in the proportion of 5, 3,
12, 2, 3, 7, 5, 30, 4, 24, should be filled in
shukti crucible, wrapped all round with earth,
placed in alaabu shaped furnace, and boiled to
500 degrees up to eye level, should be poured
into the mould. A fine, light, scarlet metal
which will record all sounds will result.
Kwanadarpana mirror is explained in Darpana
Prakarana:
Wild liquorice seeds, red catechu, false
catechu, white catechu, garadaka or a poison, 8
kinds of salt, salyaaka, vara or sodium
chloride, sharkaraa or granite powder, budilaka
salt, jwaalaamukha or wolf's bane?, tundila or
kayidonda, bydaala or arsenic?, shukatunda,
ravimukha or magnifying glass, chancholika or
red castor seed, arjuna or tin, luntaaka,
varataala or yellow orpiment?, kuravaka or
crimson thorny amaranth, kambodara, kaamuka or
punnaaga or Alxandrian laurel or pinnay oil
tree, these ingredients, after triple cleaning,
are to be filled in padma crucible, placed in
padmaakara furnace, and heated to 700 degrees,
and poured in mould, will yield an excellent
kwanadarpana glass.
Kshaaratraya or natron, salt-pare, borax,
aanjanika or eye-black powder, kaanta or sun
crystal, sajjeeka, vara or sodium chloride,
karna or oxide of arsenic, cowrie shells,
maakshika or iron pyrites, sharkara or granite
grains, sphaatika or alum, kaamsya or
bell-metal, mercury, taalakasatva or yellow
orpiment, gyra or marking nut, ruruka,
rouchyaka, kudupa, garada or aconite,
panchamukha metal, shingara or iron dross, and
shundolika or great leaved caledium, these 21
articles, purified, and filled in aanika
crucible, placed in shouktika furnace and boiled
to 103 degrees, and cast into maniyantra mould,
becomes a fine rudantee crystal.
Ruchika mani also is explained in
Maniprakarana:
Sea-foam, chamaree cat's nail and mouth
bones, steel, paarthiva, granite grains,
shilaarasa or liquid amber, mercury,
praana-kshaara or ammonium chloride, alum,
naaga, cowrie, maakshika or iron pyrites,
shundaala or great-leaved caledium, rundaka or
eagle wood, kudupa, suvarchala or natron,
jambaalika, musk-cat's tooth, or yellow
orpiment?, ranjaka, manjishtha or madder root,
paarvani or stag-horn, rukma or gold quartz,
yellow thistle, owl's nails, vara or ammonium
chloride, oyster shell, these ingredients,
purified and filled in equal proportion in
nakhamukha crucible, placed in mahodara furnace
and heated with the aid of six-faced bellows to
eye-level, and poured into mould will yield a
strong, dark, heavy rutikaa crystal.
Shabda phena mani is described in
"Shabda-Mahodadhi":
"Take badaba sound from the sky, life-giving
trait from water, the fire of air from the
atmosphere, the echoing quality from boulder,
the splitting quality from solar-rays, moss
layer, sea-foam, bamboo, conch; manjishtha or
madder root, kusha grass, gribhdnaka,
rudra-shalya, gokarna or sal?, and musali or
curculigo orchioides, in the proportion of 7,
22, 45, 13, 32, 19, 38, 14, 22, 38, 42, 13, 25,
9, and 23. These purified and boiled will yield
shabdaphena."
From moss-layer to musali the ingredients
should be purified, and in the said proportions
should be filled in phenaakara yantra, should be
baked for 3 days, and for a week the sankalana
key-wheel of the yantra should be turned in full
speed for half a ghatika daily, when foam will
be formed. The foam should be filled in
shakti-sammelana yantra. Then through 6 tubes
the 6 shaktis or powers from praanana to
sphotana should be injected into the foam
patiently. On either side of the yantra switches
should turn the mixing or churning wheel inside
the yantra. Then moderate heat should be applied
from praanana to sphotana power infusion. Then
keeping it in the sun, electric power should be
applied to the foam up to 85 degrees. This
electric cooking should be done for 6 days. Then
carefully extracting the foam from the yantra,
it should be stored in the vaajeemukha metal
box. That shabda-phena would be able to attract
and record all kinds of sounds.
Vaajeemukha metal is described in
"Lohatantra":
Copper 3 parts, sonamukhee or iron pyrites 2
parts, zinc 8 parts, veera or black metal 2
parts, kaanta or steel 3 parts, bambhaarika 1
part, kamsaarika 3 parts, panchaanana 6 parts,
gowreemukha or mica? 2 parts, shundaalaka 6
parts, these 10 articles to be purified and
filled in shundaalaka crucible, placed in
shoorpaasya furnace and heated with vajraanana
bellows and poured in vajraanana yantra and
churned energetically for proper cohesion of the
liquid, will yield vaajeemukha loha of light
reddish brown colour.
Pataprasaarana yantra is described in
Kriyaasaara:
In order to realise dangers to the vimaana en
route, and shift directions towards safety,
pataprasaarana yantra is prescribed. Says
Patakalpa:
"Munja grass, lac, sal, red brinjal,
shaambaree or arjuna tree bark, jute,
raajaavarta or sphatikaari or hydrorgirum
sulphuratum, darbha grass, kravyaada or Indian
spikenard, with triple purification, and thrice
exposing to soorya-puta or sun-baking, placing
them in the cooking vessel, and baking for 3
days. Then the product should be filled in
kuttinee yantra, and churned for 3 yaamaas or
3/8 of a day, then placed in cooking vessel and
rebaked for 3 days. Then it must be poured into
patakriyaa yantra or cloth-forming machine and
churned, so as to form an even emulsion, and
that will form a fine artificial cloth. It
should then be coloured with seven colours. It
should be rolled round a long pole, and the pole
fixed in thrimukhee-naala yantra, and equipped
with a key should be installed in the shoulder
of the vimaana.
When the flag-like contraption shows red
indicating danger ahead the pilot should loose
height and reach safety. When favourable colours
are
shown, the pilot should note their
significance and move the vimaana in the
favourable direction.
Dishaampati Yantra: says "Kriyaasaara,"
"In its passage in the sky in the eight
directions, the vimaana is likely to meet 15
fierce hurricanes called kowbera by the effects
of the planetary forces With solar rays and
unfavourable seasonal conditions. They will
cause baneful skin effects on the occupants of
planes and throat and lung troubles. To protect
against that the Disaampti yantra is to be
installed in the left shoulder of the vimaana."
The yantra is described in "Yantra
Prakarana":
"In order to act as antidote to the poisonous
effects of the kowbera winds, F shall describe
the disaampati yantra. A peetha or foot plate,
quadrangular or circular, should be made of
paarvanee wood cured three times with requisite
acids."
Paarvanee wood is described in "Agatatwa
Laharee":
"Parvanee wood is wood which has very close
joints as in sugarcane. It is red coloured, long
leaved, decked with red flowers. It has small
thorns, is antidote for snake-poison, is acrid
in taste, and is used in driving away demons and
other evil forces. It blooms in the dark half of
the month."
In the centre of the peetha, a tube or pivot
made of the 19th type of glass, with 9 holes, 9
switches, and 9 wires, and of arm's length,
should be fixed. Eight kendras or centres should
be spotted in its 8 directions. 8 naalas, pipes,
or tubes, should be made 2 feet long, 6 feet
high and 3 feet wide, and round in the middle. A
lotus with 8 petals should be prepared and fixed
on the top of the pivot. The whole should be
covered with hare-skin. Manchoolika linen should
cover its mukha or entrance. The wires in the
tubes should be taken to the petals above the
lotus and fixed in the joints.
Manchoolikaa linen is explained in
"Pata-pradeepikaa":
Vaasantee or gaertnera racemosa creeper,
mrida, ranjikaa or betel or madder root,
ruchikaa or citron or castor, samvartakee or
myrabalan belliriki, phaalgunee or sepistan
plum, chanchora or red castor, arunakaanta
or sun-flower, kudalinee, mandoorika or iron
dross, maarikaa or cubed pepper, lankaari,
kapivallaree or elephant pepper, vishadharaa,
samvaalikaa, manjaree or ashoka, rukmaangaa or
cassia fistula, dhundikaa or acacia sirisa, arka
or gigantic swallow wort or madar, garudaa or
coculus cordifolious, gunjaa or wild liquorice,
and janjharaa.
Taking the twigs, shoots, leaves, buds,
tendrils and barks of the above ingredients, and
putting them in the baking vessel, they should
be well cooked. Then add crowncha acid and boil
again for 3 days. That will produce a soft
white, pure, strong, fine manjoolikaa linen
cloth.
Vaatapaa crystal should be placed in it.
Amshupaa mirror should be placed at its front.
When the Kowbera whirlwind contacts solar rays,
then the amshupaa mirror will show a red and
blue tinge. Then the keys of the nine tubes
should be turned with great speed. By this a
force will be generated in each tube, and
passing to the hare-skin, a strong force called
sammarshtikaa will be generated. The manjoolika
cloth will receive that force and pass it to the
lotus petals, and the petals by means of wires
will transmit the force to vaatapaa crystal. The
crystal, will, with the aid of sammarshtika
force, absorb the Kowbera evil wind and throw it
out through the lotus petal tube to merge in the
outside atmosphere, and no harm will be caused
to the occupants of the vimaana. Therefore
disaampati yantra should be installed in the
vimaana.
19th type mirror is described in Darpana
prakarana:
Uraga-twak or snake-scales, pancha-mukha,
vyaaghradanta or tiger's tooth, sand, salt,
mercury, lead, white gum or shweta-niryaasa,
mrittikaa, sphaatika or alum, ruruka, veera or
red lead? mrinala or lotus tendril, ravikarpata,
chanchola or red castor, vaalaja,
panchapraanasaara or urinal salt of man, horse,
ass, ox, and sheep, or ammonium chloride,
shashodupa or benzoin shoot. These 18
ingredients in the proportion of 3, 7, 5, 22, 4,
15, 2, 5, 20, 7, 30, 15, 40, 23, 27, 13, 19, 18,
purified thrice, filled in matsya moosha
crucible, placed in nalikaa furnace, and with
the aid of gomukhee bellows boiled to 99th
degree, and poured into the mould, will yield
pingala mirror.
Pattikaabhraka Yantra:
Says Kriyaasaara,
"In order to safeguard against the fires
generated by the juxtaposition of planets during
its course, the pattikaabhraka yantra is to be
installed in the centre of the vimaana."
In the course of its planetary motions, two
planets sometimes get too near each other, when
by the conflict of their giant forces, fires
will burst out. They are known as jwaalaamukhee
or flame-tongued, and will destroy the vimaana
and those inside it. As protection against it,
pattikaabhraka yantra should be installed in the
vimaana.
The yantra should be made out of the 3rd type
of mica amongst the 3rd group of its
classification.
It is said in "Shownakeeya,"
"The names of mica belonging to the 3rd group
are shaarada, pankila, soma, maarjaalika, rakta
mukha, and vinaashaka. The yantra should be made
of soma variety."
Somaabhra is described in Loha-tantra:
"It is sky-coloured, fine, strong, absorbent,
cure for eye diseases. Its touch is cooling to
the body. It has diamond content, and is cure
for urinal trouble. It exhibits scarlet lines
with whorls. These are the qualities of
somaabhraka."
The mica should be purified twice with
brinjal and mataa seed oil and melted, and a
pattika two feet wide and of arm's length high
should be fashioned. A koorma peetha or
tortoise-shaped foot-plate 16 inches wide and
arm's length high should be made with vaari
vriksha. A shanku or pivot should be made like
the pattika. Revolving wheels with keys and
shoundeerya manis or crystals should be fixed.
From the main, centre wires should be attached
to it to the end of the pattika. On the other
side an ivory vessel should be fixed, and filled
with shyvaala acid, and adding mercury
ravichumbaka manis or crystal should be placed
in it. The wires should be connected to the
inside of the vessel containing these things.
From the pivot it should be covered with
shringinee. The root of the naala or pivot
should be fixed to face the sky. The mica shanku
with five revolving wheel key attachments should
be fixed in the centre of the peetha, and the
acid purified pattika should be fixed on top of
it in the centre of the vimaana covering.
When the jwaalaamukhee erupts from the
planetary contact and reaches the direction of
the vimaana, the main switch of the pivot should
be operated, a cold wave will arise through the
wires from the acid vessel, and passing
through the five wheels reach the pattika,
and contacting the jwaalaamukhee force will draw
it and push it to the crystal in the centre of
the enclosure, and the crystal will thrust it
through the naala or pipe to the outside
atmosphere where the flame force will get
extinguished.
Soorya Shaktyapakarshana Yantra or Solar heat
extracting Yantra:
In order to relieve the excessive cold of the
winter months, the soorya shaktyapakarshana
yantra should be installed on the vimaana.
Says Yantra Sarvasva,
"In order to protect from the cold of the 4
winter months the solar heat storing machine is
now explained. The 27th kind of mirror capable
of capturing solar heat is to be used in its
making."
It is said in Darpana prakarana:
Sphatika or alum, manjula or madder root,
sea-foam, sarja salt or nation, sand, mercury,
garada or aconite, kishora or wild liquorice,
gandhaka or sulphur brimstone, karbura or yellow
orpiment, praanakshaara or ammonium chloride, in
the proportion of 12, 1, 5, 1, 13, 12, 8, I0,
27, 4, 3, 7, 8, 5, 1. 5, 8, 3, 9, 2, purified,
to be filled in antarmukha crucible, placing it
in shuka-mukha furnace, and boded. Then pour it
into antarmukha yantra or vessel and turn the
churning key. When cooled in the mould a fine,
light, strong, golden. coloured, solar heat
collecting glass will be formed.
From this glass prepare a pattika or plank,
80 inches long, 20 inches wide, and 1 inch
thick. Three spots are to be marked on it. Two
naalas or pipes, of arm's size, with 10 inch
mouth, crescent shaped peetha should be
prepared. Another peetha, 2 feet long, and 6
feet high, should be prepared. The crescent
shaped peetha should be fixed in it. On its two
sides the 2 naalaas should be fixed. Between
them a pivot 88 inches long and 3 inches wide
should be fixed. The other pattika should be
fixed on its top. At its 3 marked spots, lotus
shapes with petals made of the above glass with
two faces with goblets on them should be fixed.
The two naalaas or pipes should be filled with
shyvaala or moss acid and shrini acid.
Chhaayaamukha crystal should be placed in them.
At the foot of the shanku jyotsnaa acid should
be placed. Cold absorbing wires with key
switches with ball bearings should be fixed in
the jyotsnaa acid. The wires should be taken
between the neighbouring naalas, taken round the
two lotus positions on the sides of the pattika,
and then made to surround the central lotus, and
lead on and placed inside the jyotsna acid. Then
the other naala should be made to cover the acid
vessel, and fixed so as to have its opening
through the bottom of the vimaana.
On the approach of winter cold into the
vimaana, the main wheel at the foot of the
shanku should be turned at high speed. That will
energise the head wires of the pattika, making
the lotus petals active, and the wind will draw
the cold and pass to the central acid vessel
through the wires, and the acids in the 2 naalas
will draw in the cold and pass to the
chaayaamukha mani, which by its own force will
pass the cold force to the jyotsnaadravaka,
which will eject it through the naala to the
atmosphere outside for being dissolved. The
vimaana will thus be saved from the cold force
through the soorya-shaktyapakarshana yantra.
Apasmaara dhooma prasaarana yantra or poison-gas
fume spreading machine:
Says Kriyaasaara,
"When the enemy plane is trying to destroy
your vimaana, Apasmaara dhooma prasaarana yantra
should be provided in the vimaana to combat it."
Yantra Sarvasva Says:
"Apasmaara dhooma prasaarana yantra is
prescribed for protection of vimaana from enemy
planes. It should be manufactured with
khoundeera metal only, and not with anything
else."
Kshoundeera loha is described in Lohatantra:
8 parts of kshwinka or zinc, 5 parts of
mercury, 7 parts of krowncha alloy, 3 parts of
kaanta or steel, 4 parts of hamsa or metallic
silver, 1 part of maadhweeka, and 5 parts of
ruru, these ingredients to be purified and
filled in crucible, placed in chhatreemukha
furnace, and with the acid of surasa bellows
heated to 100 degrees heat, and cast in mould
will yield excellent kshoundeera alloy.
Filling this loha in pattikaayantra, applying
300 degree heat and churning a fine strong
pattikaa will be formed. With that, a shape like
bellows, 5 arm's length high, and 3 arm's wide
should be formed. It should be provided
with a mukha-naala or nozzle 6 feet in size.
Its mouth should be like that of peshanee
yantra. The opening should be covered and keyed.
Three satchels should be attached at its bottom.
In the middle an aavarana or covering with
hare-skin, circular and provided with switch.
Smoke or gas filling switch should be provided
at its base. Above it a choorna paatra or powder
vessel should be fixed. The switch key should be
beneath the middle of the vessel. Thus four
bellows should be prepared.
When the enemy plane's attack is expected,
the aavaaraka bhastrika or enveloping bellows
should shield the vimaana, and the 4 bellows
should be fixed on the dikpeethaas or side seats
above the aavarana or covering, and electricity
should be applied to the choorna-paatra or
powder keg. Immediately the powder becomes
smoke. The bellows' mouth should be opened and
the key turned. The emerging smoke fumes will
enter the 4 small bellows, and from them reach
the central kunda and spread all around and
reach the bellows' mouth. Then on turning that
key, the fumes will be emitted from all the
bhastrikaas or bellows, and encompass the enemy
plane and disable its occupants. That plane will
be destroyed and the danger to one's vimaana
overcome.
Stambhana Yantra
or Halting machine:
Kriyaasaara says,
When power is generated by conflicting forces
in the water-charged regions, shrieking
hurricanes and whirl-winds will arise and set
out in a mad career of destruction. To safeguard
against their onslaughts, the Stambhana yantra
should be installed in the bottom of the
vimaana.
Yantra sarvasva says,
In order to protect the plane from the
attacks of giant wind blasts, vimaana stambhana
yantra is described as follows:
A peetha, one fourth the size of the vimaana
floor, quadrangular, should be made out of
vakratunda metal, three feet in thickness. In
its 8 quarters spots should be marked for
fixtures. An enclosure with openings, revolving
toothed wheels made of the same metal, wheel
rods with revolving keys, a metal band which is
to encircle it thrice, toothed wheels, pivots,
and switches and hinges, and three-stranded wire
ropes, should also be of the same metal. In the
8 selected spots naalaas or pivots with wheels
and wiring should be fixed. Through the naala or
pipe at the contraction switch of the vimaana,
wires should be passed through the other
naalas to the central pivot, and tied at the
foot of the revolving wheel. When the dreaded
wind current is observed the switch or wheel for
the contraction or folding of the expanded
vimaana parts should be turned, as also the 8
side wheel turning switches. That will reduce
the speed of the vimaana. Then the switches of
the 8 pivots on the peetha or foot-plate should
be turned. The entire speed of the vimaana will
be extinguished thereby. The wheel at the
central pivot of the peetha should then be
turned, so that the vimaana will be halted
completely. Then the switch of the plane-wings
should be turned. The flapping of the wings will
produce winds which will encircle the vimaana
and form a globe protecting it. Then by turning
the switch of the brake-rod, the vimaana becomes
motionless. Therefore the Yaana-sthambhana
yantra should be fixed at the bottom centre of
the vimaana.
Vyshvaanara-naala yantra:
Kriyaasaara says,
For the purpose of providing fire for
passengers to perform agnihotra or daily fire
rituals, and for the purpose of cooking food,
Vyshwaanara naala yantra is to be fitted up at
the navel centre of the vimaana.
Yantra-sarvasva says,
To provide fire for travellers in vimaanas,
vyshwaanara naala yantra is now described. A 2
feet long and 12 inches wide peetha or
foot-plate should be made out of naaga metal,
quadrangular or circular in shape. Three kendras
or spots should be marked thereon. Three vessels
should be made of copper and karpara or (black
jack?) zinc blended metal. One vessel should be
filled with sulphur-brimstone acid. Another
should be filled with rookshaka bdellium acid,
or croton seed acid? And manjishta or madder
root acid should be filled in another vessel.
The three vessels should be placed on the 3
kendra spots on the peetha.
In the sulphur acid vessel the prajwaalaka
mani or flame producing crystal should be
placed. In the rookshaka acid vessel the
dhoomaasya mani or smoke crystal should be
placed. In the manjishtha acid vessel the
mahoshnika mani, or heat producing crystal
should be placed.
In the places in the vimaana where kitchens
are located, and where sacred agnihotra fires
are needed by passengers, keelaka sthambhas or
pivots should be fixed. The acid vessels should
be connected with power wires from the central
pivot. The wires should be attached to the manis
or crystals in
the acid vessels. At the top of the central
pole jwaalaamukhee mani should be fixed in the
centre of chumbakee keela with glass covering.
On either side of it sinjeeraka mani and
dridhikaa mani should be fixed. From each mani a
wire should be stretched from the top of the
central pole and fixed at the granthikeela at
the foot of the pole. From there up to the
cooking spots and agnihotra spots, a circle
should be formed like a kulya, and metal tubes
should be fixed therein. Wires should be drawn
through the tubes to the fire places and fixed
to the kharpara metallic pattikas therein.
First the bhadramushti keelaka should be
revolved. The acid in the vessel will become
heated. The heat generated in the rookshna acid
will pass into the manjishtha mani, and generate
smoke in the mahoshnika mani. By the force of
that acid intense heat will be generated. And by
the heat generated in the sulphuric acid vessel
flames will erupt in the prajwaalika mani. The
smoke, heat and flames will pass through the
wires to the sinjeeraka, dridhikaa and
jwaalaa-mukhee manis. Then the chumbaka wheel
should be turned vigorously, whereupon the
smoke, heat, and flames will reach the key at
the top of the central pole. And on that keelee
being turned, they will reach the central
switchboard keelee at the foot of the pole. When
that switch is put on, the heat and flames will
reach the metal bands of the cooking ovens and
religious fire places, and generate fires.
Therefore vyshwaanara naala yantra should be
fixed at the navel centre of vimaana.
We have so far dealt with anga yantras or
constituent machines of the vimaana. We proceed
next to deal with Vyoma-yaanas or Aeroplanes.
According to the differences in yugas, there
are three different types of planes:
Having dealt with the constituent mechanical
parts of the Vimaana, we shall now deal with the
Vimaanas according to their different classes.
The sootra indicates that there are different
types of planes, and that they are of 3 types.
In the Krita Yuga, Dharma or Righteousness
was four-footed, that is, it was four-square,
fully established, all paramount, and it was
adhered to implicitly by men. The men were
inherently noble-born and were possessed of
remarkable powers. Without needing to go through
yogic discipline to attain special powers, or
practise mantras which secured extraordinary
results, the men of that yuga, merely by their
devotion to dharma, became Siddhapurushaas or
gifted with superhuman powers. They were
virtuous men and men of learning and wisdom.
Going in the sky with the speed of wind by their
own volition was natural to them. The eight
super-sensory, and now superhuman, attainments,
known as animaa, mahimaa, garimaa, laghimaa,
praaptih, praakaamya, eeshatwa, and vashitwa,
were all possessed by them. That is, animaa is
assumption of infinitesimal shape; mahimaa is
growing into gigantic shape; garimaa is becoming
astonishingly heavy; laghimaa is becoming
weightless; praaptih is securing any desired
thing; praakaamyam is becoming rid of desires;
eeshatwa is attaining paramountcy; and vashitwa
is becoming extremely pliant.
Therefore in Krita Yuga, or first epoch, the
ancients say, there were none of the three
classes of Vimaanas.
Krita Yuga passed; and Tretaa Yuga commenced.
Dharma then became limp of one foot. It served
with 3 feet only, and grew gradually less
efficient. So men's minds became dense, and the
conception of Vedic truths, and anima and other
super-sensory powers, became scarcer. Therefore,
by the corrosion of Dharma or righteousness, men
lost the power of flying in the sky with the
speed of wind.
Perceiving this, God Mahadeva, desiring to
confer the power of understanding the Vedas
properly on the Dwijas, or brahmins, kshatriyas,
and vysyas, graciously descended on earth in the
form of Dakshinaamurthy, and through the
instrumentality of Sanaka and other anointed
sages, classified the Veda mantras, and then
bestowing his benedictory glance on the
worshipping Munis or ascetics, he blessed them
with the gift of Vedic perception. And then to
ensure that they were properly receptive, he
embraced them and entered their hearts and
illuminated their memories. The munis,
overwhelmed by the Divine grace, aglow with
horripilation, with voice choked with emotion,
praised the Supreme with shata-rudreeya and
other hymns, and manifested profound devotion.
Pleased with their receptiveness, divine
Dakshinaamurthy, favouring them with a benign
glance, and with smile on his face, said to
them, "Till now you have been known as "Munis"
or ascetics. Henceforth, having by my grace
attained insight into the Vedas, you shall be
known as "Rishis" or seers. You will cultivate
the Vedic mantras, and practising celibacy, you
will adore the divine Goddess of the Vedas, and
winning her favour, and approaching the Great
God Easwara by Yogic Samadhi, ascertain His
mind, and by His and my grace, rising to the
pinnacle of intellectual vision, become adepts
in the meaning and purport of the Vedas; and
confirming by them your own experiences and
meditative introspection, you will create the
Dharmashaastras or moral codes, Puranas and
Itihaasas, and physical and material sciences,
in conformity to the truths of the Vedas, for
the benefit of mankind. And for travelling in
the sky, propagate the art of manufacturing
Vimaanas, and for attaining wind-speed, evolve
Ghutica and Paadukaa methods through
Kalpashaastras or scientific treatises."
Then those munis or seers, enshrining in
their hearts God Mahadeva in the form of
Dakshinaamurthy, produced the Dharmashaastras or
ethical codes, epics, chronicles, manuals on
rituals, treatises on the arts and sciences,
ritualistic and sacrificial codes, in conformity
to the Vedas, and propagated them among men.
Amongst them it is said that there are six
treatises bearing on the manufacture of Vimaanas
produced by the ancient seers. In them are
described three classes of vimaanas, known as
maantrikaas, taantrikaas, and kritakaas, capable
of flying everywhere.
It is said in Vimaana Chandrika,
"I shall indicate the different kinds of
vimaanas. In Tretaa yuga as men were adepts in
mantras or potent hymns, the vimaanas used to be
produced by means of maantric knowledge. In
Dwaapara yuga as men had developed considerable
tantric knowledge, vimaanas were manufactured by
means of tantric knowledge. As, both mantra and
tantra are deficient in Kaliyuga, the vimaanas
are known as kritaka or artificial. Thus, owing
to changes in dharma during the yugas, the
ancient seers have classified the vimaanas of
the 3 yugas as of 3 different types."
"Vyomayaana Tantra" also says,
"By the influence of mantras in Tretaa,
vimaanas are of maantrika type. Owing to the
prevalence of tantras in Dwaapara, the vimaanas
are of taantrika type. Owing to decadence of
both mantra and tantra in Kaliyuga, the vimaanas
are of artificial type." Thus 3 classes of
vimaanas are mentioned in shaastras by ancient
seers.
In "Yantra Kalpa" also,
"Vimaanas are classified into mantra and
other varieties by experts according to
differences in yugas. They are defined as
maantrika, taantrika, and kritaka."
The same is expressed in "Kheta yaana
pradeepika," and also "Vyoma Yaana
Arkaprakaashikaa."
"Maantrika
Vimaanas are of Pushpaka and other 25 Varieties."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
In the previous sootra vimaanas were
specified as of 3 types owing to differences in
the 3 yugas. In this sootra maantrika vimaanas
or vimaanas flying by maantrik power are said to
be 25.
Shounaka Sootra says,
Maantrika vimaanas in Tretaayuga are 25.
Their names are pushpaka, ajamukha, bhraajasvat,
jyotirmukha, kowshika, bheeshma, shesha,
vajraanga, dyvata, ujvala, kolaahala, archisha,
bhooshnu, somaanka, panchavarna, shanmukha,
panchabaana, mayoora, shankara, tripura,
vasuhaara, panchaanana, ambareesha, trinetra and
bherunda.
In Maanibhadrakaarikaa,
The vimaanas of Tretaayuga are 32 of the
maantrika type. Their names as given by Maharshi
Gowtama are Pushpaka, ajamukha, bhraaja,
swayamjyoti, kowshika, bheeshmaka, shesha,
vajraanga, dyvata, ujvala, kolaahala, archisha,
bhooshnu, somaanka, varnapanchaka, shanmukha,
panchabaana, mayoora, shankara priya, tripura,
vasuhaara, panchaanana, ambareesha, trinetra,
and bherunda, etc.
In shape, movement and speed there is no
difference between maantrika and taantrika
vimaanas. There is however one difference in
taantrika vimaanas, that is, the way in which
the shakti or power at the junction of sky and
earth is incorporated.
Lalla also says,
There is only one difference between
taantrika vimaanas and maantrika vimaanas: the
adaptation of the power of sky and earth. In
shape, and movement. variations, they are
identical. The taantrika vimaanas are of 56
varieties.
"Shakuna
and other 25 types of Vimaanas are Kritakaah."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
In shape and movements there is no difference
in the vimaanas, except in the matter of the use
of mantraas and tantraas. The kritaka or
artificial vimaanas are of 25 varieties.
In Kaliyuga, the kritaka or artificial
vimaanas are said to be 25. Their names are
given below as indicated by sage Gowtama:
shakuna, sundara, rukmaka, mandala, vakratunda,
bhadraka, ruchaka, viraajaka, bhaaskara,
gajaavarta, powshkala, viranchika, nandaka,
kumuda, mandara, hamsa, shukaasya, sowmyaka,
krownchaka, padmaka, symhika, panchabaana,
owryaayana, pushkara, and kodanda.
These 25 kinds of vimaanas are to be made of
Raajaloha metal only.
Says Kriyaasaara,
In manufacturing artificial aeroplanes the
best of metals are those known as Ooshmapaa or
heat-imbibing or heat resisting metals. Out of
them the variety known as Raajaloha or king of
metals is most suited to Shakuna and other
vimaanas.
Three kinds of metals, soma, soundaala, and
maardweeka, in the proportion of 3, 8, and 2,
adding borax, to be filled in crucible or
smelter, and placed in furnace, and heated to
272 degrees, and melted thoroughly, and churned,
will result in the alloy Raajaloha.
Vishwambhara also says,
"In the science of metals, for the
manufacture of aeroplanes, 16 types of Ooshmapaa
or heat-sucking lohas or metals are the very
best. The fourth in that series, is called
Raajaloha. Out of that alone should shakuna
vimaana be constructed."
The parts of shakuna vimaana are:
Peetha or floor board; hollow mast; three
wheeled keelakas with holes; 4 heaters,
air-suction pipes, water jacket, oil tank, air
heater, chhullee or heater, steam boiler,
vidyud-yantra or electric generator, air
propelling yantra, vaatapaa yantra or
air-suction pipe, dikpradarsha dhwaja or
direction indicating banner, shakuna yantra, two
wings, tail portion for helping vimaana to rise,
owshmyaka yantra or engine, kiranaakarshana math
or sun-ray attracting bead. These 28 are parts
of Shakuna vimaana.
The construction of the vimaana:
The floor-board or base should be made of
levelled Rajaloha sheet, shaped quadrangular,
circular, or cradle shaped. The weight of the
peetha should be one-hundredth of that of the
plane, and its width should be half the height
of the vimaana. In the centre of the peetha the
hollow mast should be fixed with screw joints.
Lalla defines the mast in "Yantra kalpataru".
The stambha or mast should be made of
haatakaasya metal and not otherwise.
Haatakaasya metal is described in
"Lohatantra": 8 parts of suvarchala or natron,
16 parts of laghu-kshwinka or light zinc, 18
parts of lagbu bambhaari, and 100 parts of
copper, filled in smelter, placed in koorma
vyaasatika furnace, and with the aid of mahormi
bellows boiled to 307 degrees, will yield
haatakaasya metal.
The height of the peetha should be 80 feet.
It should be 56 feet in length and breadth, 70
feet high on the north and south sides. The tip
should be three-cornered. This is for shakuna
vimaana.
Naalastambha or Hollow Mast:
At the bottom the mast should be of 35 feet
diameter outside, and 30 feet inside. At the
middle the mast should be of 25 feet diameter
outside and 20 feet inside. Higher up it should
be of 20 feet diameter outside and 15 feet
diameter inside; The height of the mast should
be 80 feet. It should be made of Raajaloha. In
order to fix the mast in the peetha screw joint
should be made. And in order to adjust the
air-speed as required, 6 wheels should be
inserted inside the mast.
The Wheels:
Inside the mast at the height of 4 feet above
the peetha, three wheels should be provided, of
15½ feet diameter, with holes. The wheels above
and below should be fixed with bolts, and
unmoving. In order to revolve the middle wheel
keys should be fixed outside on the mast, As
there are holes in the wheels, as two wheels do
not move, and as the middle wheel revolves in a
group with the other two wheels, movement of air
is, allowed or stopped by the turning of the key
outside.
Similarly at the height of 44 feet above the
peetha three wheels corresponding to those below
should be fixed and operated similarly.
Window dome:
The window dome should be of 15½ feet outside
circumference. Its inside should be five feet
wide and it should be 2 feet high. It should be
fixed on the top of the mast.
Sun-crystal:
A sun crystal 7 feet round, and 2 feet wide
and 2 feet in height should be fixed so as to
crown the window dome.
10 feet above the bottom peetha, on a
floor-board 3 inches thick, three floors or
tiers should be built, each 14 feet high, with 3
inch
floor-boards, the upper two floors being
supported by pillars fixed at 10 feet intervals
with screw joints and strong bolts. In the four
corners 4 heating yantras should be fixed, 10
feet in circumference and 8 feet high. On the
ground floor along the supporting pillars
accommodation for passengers should be provided
in the form of individual boxes.
On the second floor booths should be
constructed to accommodate the anga-yantras, or
the various mechanisms recommended for the
safety of the vimaana. It should be 60 feet wide
and 14 feet high with 3 inch thick ceiling
board.
The third floor should be 40 feet wide and 14
feet high.
The partitioning boxes for passengers as well
as the booths of the various machines should be
divided off by railings starting from the hollow
mast to the side walls in all the four
directions.
Beneath the ground-floor board a 7 feet high
cellar should be constructed. In it the several
necessary yantras should be located. In the
centre is the foot of the hollow mast. On the
four directions from it 4 air pumping machines
should be fixed. In order to stimulate them 4
steam engines also should be installed. On the
two sides of the vimaana two air expelling
machines, and an air heater machine, and 2
machines to keep the heater supplied with air
from outside, should be erected.
In order to enable the wings on either side
to spread and flap, proper hinges and keys
should be provided for, safely fixing them to
the sides of the vimaana, and for enabling them
to fold and open easily.
The revolving tractor blades in the front
should be duly fixed to the heating engine with
rods so that they could dispel the wind in front
and facilitate the passage of the vimaana.
The wings are two, one on each side, very
strongly fixed to the vimaana with bolts and
hinges. Each wing should be fixed in a 11 foot
scabbard up to 20 feet length, where it would be
10 feet wide, widening further up to 40 feet at
the end of its 60 feet length, besides its.
first 20 feet of scabbard length.
The tail should be 20 feet long, and 3½ feet
wide at the start, and 20 feet wide at the end.
The length of the air-blower should be 15
feet, and width 3 feet. The naalaas or pipes
should be 3 feet wide, and their outer
circumference should be 4 feet. The rods and
hinges and other equipment should be suitably
prepared.
The vaatapaa yantra or air blower should be
12 feet long and 9½ feet wide. Inside it should
be covered with circling wires. A pipe should be
fixed inside, for air flow. By the hot oil fumes
from the heated tank, the air becomes heated and
should be passed into the owshmya yantra or
heater, while the cold air from outside should
also be let in. Tubes and fixings should be
provided in the yantra. In order to emit the
fumes of the oil flames to the outside, a 6
inches pipe should be fixed from the yantra to
the foot of the mast. Air blowers should be
installed with 10 feet wheels to pump in fresh
cold air from outside.
To the east of the air machine should be
placed a light burner in order to aid combustion
of the oil. An electric generator provided with
switches should light the burner. When the light
is off the oil should be kept duly sealed. A
rope should be tied to the tail joint, for the
pilot to manipulate the fluttering of the tail
to help the ascent or descent of the vimaana.
Similarly ropes should be tied to the hinges of
the two wings, and passed to the pilot like
reins, so that he might spread them out or close
them as needed.
Ten feet beneath the passenger floor of the
vimaana, to a height of 2½ feet from the bottom
plate there should be a cellar-like enclosure.
The bottom of the vaatanaala mast should be
fixed in its centre with firm screw joints. In
this cellar should be located two oil tanks 15
feet by 9½ feet by 4 feet, with water jackets.
Four bellows of 15 feet by 2½ feet by 6½
feet, should be provided for storing the air
pumped in by the air-blowers, and letting it out
as required.
And underneath, on all the four sides wheels
of 7 feet circumference should be fixed for the
movement of the vimaana on the ground.
Next Sundara vimaana will be described. It
has got 8 constituent parts.
First peetha or ground plate, smoke chimney,
5 gas-engines, bhujya metal pipe, wind blower,
electricity generator, and four-faced heater,
and vimaana nirnaya, or outer cover.
The Peetha or ground plate:
It should be made of Raajaloha metal only. It
should be square or round, and of 100 feet in
circumference, or any other desired size. It
should be 8 feet thick. Seven times the peetha
has to be heated with manchuka or madder root
oil. Then spots should be marked in it at 10
feet distance from each other, totalling 24. The
size of each kendra or centre is 15 feet. In the
centre a dhooma-prasaarana or fume distributing
naala or pipe 12 feet high should be erected.
Naalastambha, hollow mast:
The naalastambha should be 56 feet high, and
4 feet in diametre. For storing gas, at its
base, a 8 feet long, circular, and 4 feet high
vessel should be provided. A six feet size water
vessel should be arranged. A 4 feet size oil
tank should be fixed at its centre. At its foot
an electric storing crystal of 1 foot size
should be fixed with necessary hinges and keys.
The vessel should be filled with 12 parts of
dhoomanjana oil, and 20 parts of shukatundika or
bignonia Indica? (egg-plant?) oil, and 9 parts
of kulakee or red-arsenic oil. To conduct
electricity, two wires should be passed through
the pipe and fixed to the crystal. In the middle
of the naalastambha or mast, for the smoke fumes
to be restrained or speeded out, triple wheels
with holes should be fixed. In order to work the
wheels from outside, two right turning and left
turning wheels
should be attached outside the pole, and
connected to the wheels inside. Three wires
should be drawn inside the naala and fixed at
the foot, the middle, and at the top.
Dhoomodgama Yantra:
Because it ejects smoke fumes with speed it
is called Dhoomodgama yantra.
Hima samvardhaka, soma, and sundaala, in the
proportion of 32, 25, and 38, should be filled
in pipe crucible, placed in chakra-mukha
furnace, and with the help of ajaamukha bellows
heated to 712 degrees and properly churned. It
will yield excellent dhooma-garbha alloy. With
that alloy the dhoomodgama yantra should be
constructed.
Underneath the centre of the 15 feet long
peetha, for the control of the gas fumes a 10
feet high pipe with right revolving wheel should
be fixed. On its 2 sides, to south and north, 2
water steam pipes should be erected. At the foot
of the 2 pipes 4 feet long 3 feet high pots
should be formed for containing the fumes. Two
pipes shaped like goblets, 1 foot by 8 feet by 3
feet, should be fixed at the top of the fume
container. A water vessel at its foot, and an
oil-vessel at its centre, and in front of it the
switches of the electric ray crystals, as in the
dhooma prasaarana naala stambha.
On either side of the heat tube, two water
jackets should be placed. A pipe with wires
should be taken from the electric generator and
connected to the hinges of the crystals.
Electric current of 80 linkas should be passed
to the crystals, whose motion will cause
friction and generate heat of 100 degrees
(kakshyas). Thereby the oil in the vessel will
get heated and boil and emit fumes.
The electric power should then be passed
through the smoke pipe between the two water
jackets. By this the water will be converted
into hot steam. The oil fumes should be filled
in the oil fume pipe and the steam in the steam
pipe. Then by operating the switches, both the
fumes will fly up at 500 degree temperature. The
switches should restrain the fumes or pump them
out as needed. 40 such yantras should be
prepared and should be fixed on the peetha in
groups on
the four sides. Then connected with the bases
of the dhooma-naalas, sundaalas or elephant
trunks, one foot wide and 12 feet high should be
erected on the four sides, to enable the vimaana
to fly with speed.
The sundaala should be installed. for using
the oil fumes and steam fumes for the motion of
the vimaana. There are. varieties of ksheera
vrikshaas or milk-trees according to shaastraas.
Vata or banyans, manjoosha or madder root,
maatanga or citron?, panchashaakhee (five
branched), shikhaavalee (crested), taamra
sheershnee (copper-crested), brihatkumbhee (big
bellied), mahishee, ksheeravallaree, shona
parnee (crimson-leaved), vajramukhee, and
ksheerinee (milky). From these the ooze or milk
should be collected, and in the proportion of 3,
5, 7, 10, 11, 8, 7, 4, 7, 30, 12, filled in a
vessel. Then granthi metal, naaga or lead,
vajra, bambhaarika, vynateya, kanduru, kudapa,
and kundalotpala, these in equal parts should be
filled in the vessel in equal proportion to the
milk contents, and boiled with 92 degree heat.
Then the molten liquid should be filled in the
milk-cloth machine, and churned. When cooled and
put through the levelling machine, it will yield
a strong, soft, cool, heat proof, and uncuttable
ash-coloured cloth sheet.
This cloth should be boiled in rouhinee taila
or oil of black hellebore for 3 yaamaas or 9
hours, and then washed with water. Then it
should be boiled in atasee or linseed oil as
before. Then it should be kept in ajaa-mootra or
goat's urine for one day and kept in the sun.
Then it should be dried and painted with
kanakaanjana paint and dried, Then the cloth
will glow with a golden hue. With this cloth
should be made the shundaala or elephant trunk,
12 feet high, 1 foot round, and with pipe-like
opening inside.
Two mechanisms for rolling it and unrolling
it should be properly attached to it. By the
rolling switch the shundaala will coil round
like a snake and remain on the floor. By the
unrolling switch it will uncoil and stand erect
like a raised arm. From the fume generating
yantra connecting links to the shundaala should
be provided for the fumes to pass through it to
the outside air. And to attract outside air into
the sundaala a pump-like arrangement should be
provided as in an inflator.
Three switches should be provided as in the
water tapping yantra. By revolution of its wheel
the fumes will go out through the shundaala and
82 linka of fresh air will come in. The
direction in which the fumes will emerge from
the shundaala will be the direction of the
course of the vimaana. The 3 wheels in the
shundaala will cause the vimaana to wheel around
or make ascent, or to drop height.
At the foot of each dhoomodgama yantra 2
shundaalas should be duly fixed. And on the 4
sides of the dhoomaprasaarana-naala-stambha 4
shundaalas should be erected.
In order to protect against the intense heat
from fire and sun inside and outside the
vimaana, it should be provided a covering made
of the 6th type of Ooshmapaa loha or heat-proof
metal. At the top and bottom and on the sides
keys should be provided for the movement of the
fumes. 40 such dhoomodgama yantras should be
properly fixed in the selected spots of the
peetha with screw fittings. The vimaana will be
enabled to fly smoothly by so doing.
ELECTRIC DYNAMO
Says Yantra Sarvasva:
There are 32 kinds of yantras for generating
electricity, such as by friction, by heating, by
waterfall, by combination, by solar rays, etc.
Out of these, saamyojaka or production by
combination is the one most suitable for
vimaanas. Its manufacture is explained by Sage
Agastya in Shaktitantra:
The peetha or foot-plate should be made of
saamyojaka metal, 35 feet in diametre. 5 spots
should be marked in it in a circle, 5 feet in
diametre, with a spot in the centre. Vessels
should be prepared for each kendra, 4 feet wide,
2 feet high, shaped like a pot. On each a
cylindrical pipe 1 foot wide and 1 foot high,
should be fixed. The top of the cylinder should
be 4 feet wide and round.
Then get a Jyotirmukha or flame-faced lion's
skin, duly cleaned, add salt, and placing in the
vessel containing spike-grass acid, boil for 5
yaamas or 15 hours. Then wash it with cold
water. Then take
oils from the seeds of jyothirmukhee, or
staff-tree, momordica charantia, and pot herb,
in the proportion of 3, 7, and 16, and mix them
in a vessel, add 1/64 part of salt. The skin
should be immersed in this oil and kept for 24
days in solar heat. It will get a scarlet sheen.
The skin should be cut to the size of the top
opening of the vessel cylinder, with 5 openings
in it. Cover the cylinder with the skin with
bolts. All the 5 vessels should be similarly
covered, and placed in the 5 selected centres on
the peetha. Then 16 drona measures of asses'
urine, 16 linka measures of mined charcoal, 3
linkas of salt, 2 linkas of snake-poison, and 2
linkas of copper, should be filled in the vessel
on the eastern side.
Then in the vessel on the western side, 7
vidyudgama mani or load-stone, 13 praana-kshaara
or ammonium chloride, 22 hare-dung, should be
filled. and made into a decoction. Two parts of
camel urine should be mixed with one part of the
above. Then 50 linkas of rhinoceros bones, 30
linkas of sulphur, and 16 linkas of tamarind
tree salt, and 28 linkas of steel should be
added to that. And 117 tatin-mitra manis should
be placed in the centre of the vessel.
Next the following materials should be filled
in the northern vessel:
Eleven parts of oil of apaamaarga or
achyranthus aspera seeds, 32 parts of oil seeds
of sarpaasya or mesua ferrea, 40 parts of
ayaskaantha or oil of steel, in 83 parts of
elephant's urine, all these to be put in the
northern vessel and mixed together properly.
Then add mercury, symhika salt, and paarvanika
or bamboo rice, 30, 20, and 25 palas
respectively, or 120, 80, and 100 tolas.
Sun-crystal of the 800th type, mentioned in
Maniprakarana, cleaned in oil, should be put in
the vessel.
Next in the vessel on the southern side, put
in grandhika draavaka or long-pepper decoction,
panchamukhee draavaka, and shveta-punja or white
liquorice decoctions, in proportion of 12, 21,
and 16, and mix together, add cows' urine 5
parts more than the above liquids, 47 parts of
jyotirmayookha root, 28 linkas of kaanta metal,
28th and 10th kind of kudupa 32 parts. 92
jyotirmanis purified in milk should be placed in
it, according to Chaakraayani. This is the
southern vessel.
Then in the central vessel electric current
should be stored. That vessel should be made of
chapala-graahaka metal only.
Chapala-graahaka metal is explained in
Lohatantra:
Quick-lime, marble stone, lac, sowraashtra
earth, glass, root of the elephant trunk tree,
bark of karkata tree, cowries, cubeb pepper gum,
in the proportion of 8, 11, 7, 27, 8, 5, 3, 7,
and 12 parts of tankana or borax, to be filled
in urana crucible, placed in kundodara furnace,
and with 3 faced bellows, boiled to 427 degrees,
will yield, when poured into the cooler and
cooled, chapalagraahaka metal.
The electricity storage vessel should be
manufactured as follows: A foot-plate 5 feet
long, 8 feet high, 1 foot thick, half-moon
shaped, should be made of above metal. The
vessel should be shaped like a big pot, with a
cylindrical top. It should have a glass
covering. 2 pipes 3 feet wide 6 feet high should
be fixed in the vessel in the northern and
southern sides. They should also be covered with
glass. Between the two pipes two wheels with
hinges and switches etc. should be fixed. When
the switches are put on or turned, causing the
two wheels to revolve, electricity will flow
from the bottom of the 4 vessels into the two
pipes and ascend. Two tubes, 6 inches long,
should be prepared, wound round with deer skin,
tied with silk thread or silk cloth. The
Vajramukhee copper wires cleaned with acids,
should be passed through each tube, and taken to
the two pipes in the vessel and be fixed with
glass cups. 8 palas or 32 tolas of mercury
should be placed in the energy container vessel.
391st vidyunmukha mani, wound round with copper
wiring with mixing switch, should also be
inserted. Then taking the wires in the pipes
they should be connected with the wiring of the
mani through the kaachakanku hole. In each of
the vessels, excepting the middle one, two
churning rods should be fixed in the centre. The
rods should be made of steel or shakti skandha.
They should be 3 feet high and 1 foot thick.
Keys should be fixed in them for obverse and
reverse churning. To the east of the churning
machine wheels should be fixed for raising and
lowering. An 8 inches high naala or tube should
be fixed. On either side of it should be fixed 5
wheels of 5 inches height, like the wheel of the
water lifting machine. 2 inches wide flat pattis
made of shakti skandha metal should be passed
from the wheels inside the Aavritta-naala to the
keys of the wheels in the churning yantra. Then
revolving wheels should be attached to the
naalas or tubes of the stambha or big pipe. By
the turning of these keys, it will operate like
the turning of the churning
rod back and forth as in churning curds by
drawing and relaxing the rope ends.
Then according to Darpana-shaastra, four
vessels, shaped like the bamboo cylinder used on
the pounding mortar, should he made out of
ghrinyaakarshana glass or solar-heat absorbing
glass and fixed on the mouth of the 4 vessels.
The vessel is described by Lallaacharya: 8
inches wide and 1 foot high, and then 2 feet
wide and 6 feet high, and at the top a 6 feet
wide mouth.
25 palas or 100 tolas of bamboo salt, should
be put in it. Then amsupaa mani or solar-ray
crystal of the 325th kind, duly cleaned in acid,
should be put in it with rice salt. Then rice
hay should be spread over it tightly, and facing
the sun. The rays from all sides are imbibed by
them, and will enter the vessel daily to 105
degrees' strength. If kept thus in the sun for
12 days, 1080 linkas of electric power will be
accumulated in each vessel.
In order to store this power in the storage
vessel six inches long steel tubes should
connect the bottom of the vessel with the
storage vessel. They should be covered by deer
skin and wound round with silk cloth or yarn.
Two copper wires should be passed through the
tubes and connected to the storage vessel. 100
palas of mercury should be put in the vessel.
And a 391th type of sun crystal duly wired
should be placed in the mercury, and the wires
coming from the tubes should be connected to it.
The well-oiled keys in the 4 vessels should
be revolved with speed, to 200 degrees heat,
when the liquids in the vessels will be boiled
by the heat rays. Then the keys should be
hastened up to 2000 degrees. By the liquids in
each vessel 800 linkas of electricity will be
generated. The power should be conveyed by the
wires in the kaanta metal tubes to the storage
vessel. The crystal will absorb and fill the
vessel with the power. In front of the storage
vessel a five feet long, 3 feet high circular
vessel should be installed. It should be covered
all round with the bark of vaari-vriksha.
Always water will be flowing in it. So
instead of water, water skin is indicated. It
will give the vessel the effect of
water-immersion. Then in that vessel glass cups
containing the decoction of shikhaavalee or
lead-wort? or achyranthes aspera?, 18 parts of
ayaskaanta or loadstone? or steel acid?, and 12
parts of vajrachumbaka acid, should be placed.
Then power should be drawn from the storage
vessel through the wires inside the
glass-covered tube, and 4 wires with glass wheel
key be let into the acid vessels. Then from the
bottom of the vessels 2 wires fitted with keys
should be taken in a right circle to the front
of the smoke-outlet stambha or pipe, and
attached to the wires inside the bhujyu metal
tube. The wires should also be connected to the
keys of the electric friction crystals in the
dhoomodgama stambha or pillar, as also to the
key in the stambha. Thereby electricity will be
spread in all parts of the vimaana. Therefore
the vidyud-yantra or electrical machine should
be installed in the left side of the vimaana.
Vaata-prasaarana Yantra
Air
Spreading Machine.
Kriyaasaara says:
In order to enable the vimaana to ascend,
vaataprasaarana yantra is necessary.
Therefore it is now being described. It
should be made out of vaatamitra metal only.
Lohatantra describes vaatamitra loha. 13
parts of rasaanjanika or extract of Indian
berbery, 27 parts of prabhanjana, and 37 parts
of paraankusha, should be filled in sarpaasya or
serpent-faced crucible, placed in chakramukha
furnace, and with the aid of vaaranaasya
bhastrika or bellows, heated to 216 degrees.
Then filled in the sameekarana yantra or
churner, and next poured out and cooled, it will
yield vaatamitra loha, or air-companion metal.
First the foot plate, then the naala-stambha
or tubular pole, air pumping wheel with keys,
air attracting bellows-like mechanism, and
mechanism for contracting and expanding the
mouth, out-flow and inflow tubes with keys,
covering for the yantras, wind pipes, vaatodgama
pipe, bhastrikonmukha, vaatapoorakeelakas,
vaata nirasana pankha keelaakas, or
air-expelling fan keys, these 12 are the organs
of the yantra.
The
Peetha or foot plate.
The peetha should be 6 feet long, 1 foot
thick, square or round, with two spots on the
northern and southern side of it for erecting
three-wheeled tubular poles.
The 3 wheeled naala stambha is described in
"Yaana bindu":
Three feet long and 8 feet high tubular poles
should be fixed on 2 sides of the peetha or
foot-plate. At the foot and the middle and the
top of the pole three openings should be
provided for fixing 3 wheels.
In the pole should be fixed tubes, one foot
wide and 2 feet long, for drawing in air, and
wheels 1 foot wide with teeth as in hack-saw,
revolving both ways, be fitted to the tubes. The
vaata-pooraka or air-filling naala should be
fixed in the middle of the wheel. By turning the
fly wheel, the wheel will turn, making the naala
move up and down sucking in air. The air pumping
wheel keys should be thus fixed in the two
poles. The keys at the mouth of the bellows
should be connected to these keys.
Bhastrikaa-Mukha-Yantra
Bellows' mouth mechanism
Taking pig-skin, duly cleaning it with
putrajeevi or wild olive oil, boil it for 3
days, wash it with clean water. Smear it with
gajadantika oil frequently exposing to sun for 5
days, and fashion out of it a 6 foot bellows,
three feet wide at bottom, 4 feet wide in the
middle, and 1 foot wide at the mouth. Two keys
working conversely to each other should be fixed
at the mouth. A stick should be inserted between
them. The two keys should be capable of being
put into quick motion, or left at rest. By
turning the keelakas the piston rod is moved,
and from its speed, the bellows' mouth also will
start in motion, and also the vaataakarshana
naala. By putting the naala at the mouth of the
bhastrika or bellows, quick air entry from
inside the mouth will occur. By starting all the
keelakaas in all the centres there will be
airflow in the three wheel tubular stambhas. By
turning the
keelakas with 20 heat-degree force, in the
naala stambhas air will rush out with 100 shaker
speed. From the bellows' mouth also air will
blow with 2000 prenkhana or shaker speed. And
these air flows will speed the motion of the
vimaana. Therefore in front of the vaatodgama
yantra 12 such yantras should be installed on
the four sides, 3 on each side. And aavarana or
covering should be provided for them according
to their measurements. And 12 naala stambhas, 3
feet wide and 12 feet high, should be prepared,
and fixed on the top covering of the yantras,
for the air to flow out. From each stambha air
will blow with 2600 prenkhana speed. The yantras
are individually prescribed so that some may
rest when not required. The high flight will be
helped by these machines. Having thus described
the individual sources of air supply for the
vimaana, we shall now describe the
Brihat-stambha or main mast.
It should be 4 feet wide and 30 feet high,
and called vaatodgama naala stambha. It should
be erected centrally amidst all the yantras. The
bhastrikonmukha yantras should be fixed at the
foot of the stambha so that the air flows from
the yantras could pass into the stambha. The
wind-naalaas or pipes should be connected to the
stambha-moola fitted with keys. At the opening
of the naala-stambha at the top on the 8 inch
wide opening a vessel one foot high and 3 feet
wide should be fixed. The wind from the stambha
or tunnel will pass out through it in wavy
billows. The dhoomodgama yantra or smoke pipe
should, be provided with triple keys or
fixtures, for the expulsion of smoke. and
blowing in of air. By operating those keelakas
the supply of smoke and air could be controlled
according to need. Wind expelling fan wheels
should be put in, so that by their quick motion
the motion of the vimaana could be facilitated.
Vimaana-aavarana-nirnaya
Covering of the Vimaana
Covering the dhoomodgama yantras and kudyaas
or side walls, as in the case of the Shakuna
Vimaana, the covering of the Sundara vimaana
should be done by raajaloha only. The covering
should accommodate the number of partitions or
booths required as in Shakuna Vimaana. The
location of the 32 component yantras should be
determined.
[paragraph continues] In the
centre of the booths for locating the four-faced
heat machinery, a thirty feet square area should
be set apart.. There the four-faced heat yantra
should be erected.
Says Yantrasarvasva:
The chaatur-mukha owshnya yantra should be
made out of kundodara metal only. Kundodara
metal is defined in Lohasarvasva.
Soma, Kanchuka, and shundaala metals in the
proportion of 30, 45, and 20 to be taken,
cleaned and filled in padma crucible, placed in
chhatramukha furnace, and with vaasukee bellows
heated to 716 degrees, aa-netraanta, and poured
into the yantra for cooling. A blue, fine,
light, alloy, capable of bearing 2000 degree
heat, and which cannot be blasted even by
shataghnee and sahasraghnee canons, and very
cold, is kundodara alloy. With this alloy the
owshnyaka yantra should be fashioned.
Yantraangas or parts of the Machine.
Peetha or foot-plate, smoke container kunda
or vessel, water container, fire oven, turret
covering, covering of water container, twin
wheels for projecting and restraining smoke,
window rods, padmachakras or wheels, aavritta
chakra keela, heat indicator, speedometer, time
clock, ravaprasaarana keelaka naala or sound
transmitting instrument, antardandaaghaata
naala, air-bellows, long sundaala pipes, twin
copper pipes, air dividing wheel keys, these 18
parts constitute the ooshmyaka yantra.
The peetha, tortoise-shaped, should be 25
feet long and wide. At peethaadi or starting end
should be fixed the agni-kosha or fire place,
the water vessel in the middle, and the
smoke-container should be fixed at the other
end.
The 3 koshaas are explained by Budila:
Ravi or copper, manchoulika, and tigma in
equal parts should be mixed with kundodara
metal, and be made into 3 inches thick pattika
or flats. One pattika should be fixed on the
peetha. In the fire place, kendra on the peetha
a 4 feet long 6 feet high fire-place should be
made. For stocking coal or wooden billets, a
sort of walled table should be formed. Next a
triangular fire-place should be formed,
with rods at the bottom for the ashes to fall
down. In between the 2 parts the flat sheet
should be fixed, fitted with keelakas or hinges
for moving the peetha as desired. Three keelakas
should be fixed at the fire place, one to fan
the flames and straighten them, one to moderate
or stimulate the flames, and one to distribute
the flames evenly. A naala or pipe should be
fixed on the fire kosa. Another pipe with
wiring, is to be fixed at the end of the
fire-kosa pattika with a smoke transmitting pipe
which will convey the smoke of the fire-place to
the jalakosa or water container. From the fire
kosa to the covering of the water kosa water
pipes should be adjusted. In the water kosa
enclosure the heat will rise to 5000 linkas in
these tubes. The heated water will then give out
hot smoke.
The size of the jalakosa or water container
is 8 feet. Three triple-wheeled naalas or pipes
should be fixed in the jalakosa: one to restrain
the heated smoke from the water, one to amass
the smoke, and one to lead the smoke into the
dhoomakosa or smoke-container. The Dhoomakosa
should be 6 feet wide and 4 feet high. In order
to fill the kosha with smoke, necessary fittings
should be provided. Above the jalakosa a
dome-like covering should be erected. It should
be provided with fittings, for folding up and
opening out. To the front of the smoke
container, two pattikaa wheels with holes should
be fixed in order to let out the smoke or to
restrain it. In order to operate the wheels two
bhraamanee keelakaas or revolving switches
should be provided. To the east of the
Dhooma-kunda, 8 inches long window bars should
be fixed with one inch spacings. Then in front
of the yantra, in the middle, at top, at bottom,
and on both sides, twin padmachakra keelakas
should be fixed for spreading the smoke or
restraining it. For storing the wood or coal a
hole 11 feet wide should be arranged. The door
covering it should be provided with needful
fittings. To the north and south of the keelaka
the heat-measure and speedometer should be
fixed. Above them the timepiece. To the south, a
telephonic device called ravaprasaarana or sound
ringer, which will give alarm with 1212 sound
wave speed, and which gives warnings for the
plane's moving, halting, speeding, overspeeding,
and danger imminence. An equipment with 5 holes
giving 5 different sounds to indicate the above
should be installed. On either side of the
above, two 6 inches wide, 26 feet tall,
Aaghaatha-naalas or pipes should be fixed.
Between them two 5 inches thick metal rods are
to be adjusted. At the foot, middle, and top of
the naalas revolving
wheel keelakas should be fitted. By their
revolving, the rods will strike each other. That
will increase the speed of the plane. On the top
of the naala pipes, air bellows with fittings
should be fixed. Thereby the air force in the
naalas will shoot up, and the speed of the
vimaana will double. Then on the four sides of
the heated smoke kosha or container, shundaalas
or elephant-trunk-like pipes should be fixed
with wheeled keys as in vaatodgama yantra. By
filling the shundaalas with the smoke and
turning the keys as required, the movement of
the vimaana in one direction or another, its
gaining height and speeding out or halting, will
be facilitated. Keys should be adjusted so as to
make the shundaalas coil down like a water hose
or keep erect. Two pipes made of 3rd division
copper should he wound round the agnikosa, water
kosa, and smoke kosa, or fire, water and smoke
koshas, in order to absorb the excessive heat in
them.
In order to part the wind in front of the
vimaana, vaata-vibhajana chakra keela or
wind-dividing-wheel fittings should be fixed.
Having thus prepared the chaaturmukhoshmyaka
yantra, or four-faced heating machine, it should
be installed in the centre of the vimaana. By
the air, smoke, and heat of the yantras below,
the ascent and flight of the vimaana will be
facilitated.
Regarding the speed of the vimaana, we have
to consider the speed of smoke and other
accessories mathematically, and conclude the
possibility of the speed of the vimaana. The
speed of the smoke from dhooma yantra is 2113
linkas. The speed of wind from the air blowing
machine 2500 linkas. Wind from the naala-stambha
blows at the speed of 600 linkas. This is the
speed of the forces from the 3 machines on the
peetha. Of the forces from the upper portion of
the vimaana, from the chatur-mukhoshmyaka
yantra, heat force of 3400 linkas emanates. By
the four-faced heat yantra, and by operating the
keys of the shundaalas, and the force of the
wind, smoke and heat machines, the vimaana would
be capable of a speed of 400 yojanas or 3600
miles.
This is Sundara Vimaana, and it has been
described after consulting ancient works, and
according to my humble capacity, says Maharshi
Bharadwaaja.
This vimaana is of golden colour. Therefore
it is called Rukma vimaana, Rukma meaning gold.
The Rukma should be made out of Raajaloha only.
By duly processing, Raajaloha can be made to
assume golden colour. That metal should be used
for the vimaana.
"Yaana-Bindu" says,
"After first producing golden colour for
Raajaloha, the vimaana should be formed."
"Varna-sarvasva" mentions the colouring
process:
Praana-kshaara or ammonium chloride 4 parts,
wild Bengal gram 32 parts, shashakanda (or
lodhra?) benzoin? 18 parts, naaga or lead 20
parts, sea-foam 16 parts, maakshika or iron
pyrites 6 parts, panchaanana or iron 20 parts,
paara or mercury 15 parts, kshaara-traya or 3
kinds of salt: natron, salt-petre, borax, 28
parts, panchaanana or mica 20 parts, hamsa or
silver 17 parts, garada or aconite 8 parts, and
panchaamrita or 5 sweets--curds, milk, ghee,
sugar, honey, these should be filled in the
melter, and after boiling, and drawing the
liquid through two outlets, fill in the crucible
and place in furnace, and blow to 800 degrees'
heat, and then transfer it to the cooler.
That will be Raajaloha, pure,
golden-coloured, tensile, and mild. The vimaana,
made out of this loha or alloy, will be very
beautiful and delightful.
The
Peetha
The peetha or ground plate of the Rukma
vimaana should be tortoise-shaped, 1000 feet
long, and 1 foot thick, or any other desired
size. On its eight sides, 20 feet long spaces
should be fixed underneath the peetha. At each
centre fixtures like birds' beaks should be
attached with revolving keelakas. Then double
iron-balls or wheels, in couples, should be
fixed in each of the 8 centres.
Ayas-chakra
Lalla gives the form of ayaschakra-pinda:
12 feet long and wide, and 8 kankushtas in
weight, they should be made round like a
grind-stone. They should be inserted in the
beaks at the 8 centres. From each chakra-pinda
up to the electrical generator chain wires
should be connected with switches.
Batinikaa-Stambha
Or
Button-switch pole
One foot wide and 4 feet high poles should be
fixed. They should have switches wired up to the
electric pole. 8 inches wide wheels should be
fixed in the middle of the pole, on either side,
with wires. From the electric pole chain wires
should enclose the wheels and be fixed in
another pole with inside hinges. On the top of
the poles should be fixed goblet shaped cups
with button-switches like half-blooms with
wheels and keys, so that on pressing the button
with the thumb the wheels in the other pole will
revolve from electric contact. Then the wheels
in the electric pole will also revolve,
producing 5000 linkas of speed.
Flying
Due to this electrical force, the ayah-pinda
wheels beneath the peetha will beat against it
and make it rise and move upwards. And by moving
the switches of the wheeled poles above the
peetha, the poles will revolve with speed, and
accelerate the speed of the vimaana. By the
concussion of the wheels underneath, and the
action of the poles above, the vimaana will move
upwards and gain height and fly with dignity.
Electric tube wheels aiding flight:
Above the peetha, naalas or tubes should be
fixed at 1 foot intervals. On both sides of each
naala toothed wheels 2 feet wide and 1 foot high
should be fixed with proper keelakas. Taking
electric wires through
the keelakas, and passing over the wheels and
reaching the foot of each naala, they should be
attached to wheels 3 feet wide and 3 feet high.
In the midst of 20 naalas a pole should be fixed
in the centre.
Narayana says:
Preparing a pillar 4 feet wide and 4 feet
high, and making a 2 feet opening in its middle,
fix keelakas at the top, middle, and lower end
of the opening. Two keelakas with 6 wheels, with
glass coverings, with wires, and naala and
leather covering should be fixed at the lower
end for attracting electricity. In the middle
part of the opening, for transmitting the
current, a five-faced keelaka should be fixed,
with 5 wheels, glass covering, 2 naala tubes,
two wires, attached to 3 rods, and vessel
containing veginee oil. By the flow of the
current the wheels in the upper end should be
made to whirl by properly adjusting keys. In
front of the opening a big wheel should be fixed
with gumbha keelakas. Similarly wheels should be
fixed at the foot of each pillar. On top of them
a four inch wide pattika or flat band should be
adjusted commencing from the samsarga key chakra
up to the front of the electric yantra. By
operating that key, power will flow through the
wires, and entering the key at the foot of the
pillar set the wheels in motion. On the motion
of the big wheel the sandhi-wheels in the
naala-dandas will also revolve with speed, and
the current will enter the 5 faced keelaka, and
entering the oil vessel it will gather force,
and passing through the 2 naalas, set all the
wheels in the pillar in forceful motion,
generating 25000 linkas speed, which will give
the vimaana 105 krosa or nearly 250 miles speed
per ghatika, or 24 minutes.
Having dealt with the mechanism for setting
the vimaana in motion, we now consider the
mechanism for giving direction to the vimaana in
its course. In the 8 diks or directions of the
peetha, pillars made of mica and shining like
panchakantha, 2 feet thick and 15 feet high
should be fixed at intervals of 10 feet. On the
pillars should be built the passenger seating
arrangements, and booths or locations for the
machinery, as in the case of the Sundara
Vimaana. The pillars should be made of mica
only.
Its production is given in Kriyaasaara:
Shaara-graava or lime 25 parts,
kshwinkaasatva or iron-sulphate 30 parts, gunja
or wild-liquorice 28 parts, tankana or borax 12
parts,
roudree moola 8 parts, chaandree or
kantakaari....solanum xanthocarpum flower salt 2
part, purified shoonya or mica 100 parts,, to be
filled in koorma crucible, and heated in paadma
furnace with blower to 800 degrees, and then
poured into the cooler, will yield mica alloy
most useful and attractive. Fashioning the
pillars or walls or partitions and booths, and
fixing the mechanisms for turning, circling,
diving, and manoeuvring, in the fore and middle
and aft of the vimaana, it could be moved in any
direction as desired.
Lallaacharya says:
In order to make the vimaana change its
course from one path to another or one direction
to another, revolving keelakas should be fixed
on the eight sides of the vimaana. Two keelakas
should be made, purva and apara, or right side
and left side. They should be fitted together.
By operating it, the vimaana could be made to
change its course one way or another. In order
to operate the keelaka, at the peetha moola, on
the 4 sides crescent shaped naalaas or tubes, 2
feet wide and 2 feet high should be fixed. 4
inches long metal rods should be fixed inside
the naalaas on either side. One foot wide and 1
foot high wheels should be fixed in them. They
should be wired all around. Such crescent naalas
should be fixed on the 4 sides of the peetha. In
order to set the wheels in the naalas in motion
big wheels should be fixed at the beginning,
middle, and end of the naalas. By turning the
top wheel with speed the wheels inside the
naalas will revolve. That will force the
keela-shankus to twist round so as to force the
vimaana to change its course in the required
direction.
Having explained the vimaanas commencing from
Shakuna to Simhikaa, Tripura vimaana will now be
dealt with.
This vimaana has 3 enclosures, or aavaranas
or tiers. Each aavarana is called "Pura." As it
consists of 3 aavaranas it is called "Tripura"
vimaana. It is operated by the motive power
generated by solar rays.
Narayana also says:
The vimaana which naturally can travel on
land, sea, and in the sky by alteration of its
structure is called Tripura Vimaana.
It has got 3 parts. The first part can travel
on land. The second part can travel under and
over water. The 3rd part travels in the sky. By
uniting the 3 parts by means of keelakas, the
plane can be made to travel in the sky. The
plane is divisible into 3 parts so that it might
travel on land, sea, or air. The construction of
the 1st part is now explained. Tripura vimaana
should be made out of Trinetra metal only.
Trinetra loha is explained by Shaakataayana:
Jyotishmatee loha 10 parts, kaanta-mitra 8
parts, vajramukha loha 16 parts, these 3 to be
filled in crucible, then adding tankana or borax
5 parts, trynika 7 parts, shrapanikaa 11 parts,
maandalika 5 parts, ruchaka or natron 3 parts,
mercury 3 parts, then filled in crucible in
padmamukha furnace and heated to 631 degrees
with trimukhee bellows, the resulting liquid, if
poured into cooler, will yield a metal, shining
like peacock feather, unburnable, unbreakable,
weightless, impregnable by water, fire, air and
heat, and indestructible.
With that metal the peetha should be
prepared, of any desired size. The following is
given as an example. It may be 100 feet wide
and 3 feet thick, round or square. Leaving 20
feet on the western side, at intervals of 10
feet 80 spots should be marked for wheeled
boats. 80 feet long, 3 feet wide, 5 feet high
boat shaped dronies or containers should be
fixed on the marked lines. Three feet wide
openings should be made in the top of the
dronies, so as to raise the wheel inside them
quickly and cover them underneath. There should
be fittings which enable the wheels to be
lowered on land, and raised and covered
underneath when going in water. The wheels
should have axle rods with fittings to attract
electric power. The axle rods should be 2½ feet
long and 1 foot thick. The wheels should be 3
feet wide and 1 foot thick, have, 5, 6, or 7
spokes, fixed in the rims, and covered with
musheeka up to 4 inches from the edge. Holes
with glass coverings should be made in all the
wheels. These 12 wheels, or 8, or 6, or 4,
should be fixed inside the boat-like structure.
For transmitting power wires made of somakaanta
loha should be fixed in the holes made in the
wheels. In the middle of each wheel electric
aaghaata keelakaas should be fixed, and in them
chhidraprasaarana keelakas. Over all the
chakradronee boats, copper wire pairs should be
fixed on both sides, and in the joints of the
wheels. Rods should be attached to the wires so
that power could be drawn from the wires and
passed to the top of the wheels. And power
should be passed to the wires underneath the
wheels. In climbing hills, and going down
slopes, by adjusting the power at the top or the
bottom of the wheels, smooth progress is made
possible. By adjusting the necessary keelakas it
is possible to accelerate the speed, or in going
down, to restrain the flow of the current, and
put brake on excess speed.
For attracting power from the generator a
naala or pipe with wires should be fixed at the
front of the peetha through 5 faced wheel
keelakas, and the wires should be connected to
the fittings at the top and bottom of the
wheels, with glass cups.
In order to put covering over the boat
formations, pillars should be fixed between each
boat line, and covered with mica sheets, as per
architectural rules.
The
vimaana should be made out of pure mica alone.
Mica is described in "Dhatu sarvasva ". There
are four kinds of mica, white mica, red mica,
yellow mica, and black mica. The white mica has
16 varieties. Red mica has 12 varieties. The
yellow mica has 7 varieties. And the black mica
has 15 varieties. Thus there are 50 varieties in
all.
Shownakeeya also says:
We shall now describe the nature of abhraka
or mica. They are of 4 castes, like brahmin,
kshatriya, vysya, and sudra. They are of 50
varieties. The brahmin mica has 16 varieties.
The kshatriya mica has 12 varieties. The vysya
mica has 7 varieties. And the sudra mica has 15
varieties, totalling 50 in all. Their names are
as follows. The brahmin mica varieties are ravi,
ambara, bhraajaka, rochishmaka, pundareeka,
virinchika, vajragarbha, koshambara,
sowvarchala, somaka, amritanetra, shytyamukba,
kuranda, rudraasya, panchodara and rukmagarbha.
The kshatriya varieties are shundeeraka,
shambara, rekhaasya, owdumbara, bhadraka,
panchaasya, amshumukha, raktanetra, manigarbha,
rohinika, somaamshaka, and kourmika. The vysya
varieties are krishnamukha, shyaamarekha,
garalakosha, panchadhaara, ambareeshaka,
manigarbha, and krownchaasya. The shoodra
varieties are gomukha, kanduraka, showndika,
mugdhaasya, vishagarbha, mandooka, thailagarbha,
rekhaasya, parvanika, raakaamsuka, praanada,
drownika, raktabandhaka, rasagraahaka,
vranahaarika.
Out of these, pundareeka from the 1st class,
rohinika from the second, panchadhaara from the
third, and drownika from the 4th class are good
for use in constructing the vimaana. These
should first be purified as per rules.
The process of purification is given in
"Samskaara Ratnaakara": skandhaaraka or salt of
roitleria tinctoria?, shaaranika or rubus salt?,
pinjulee or yellow orpiment?, cowries, borax,
kaakajanghaa or wild
liquorice?, moss, rowdrikaa, salt-petre,
douvaarika, shambara or benzoin, and phosphorus.
These should be separately filled in the
smelter. The decoctions should be filled in
glass vessels. The mica is to be purified with
each one of these.
The mica is to be powdered, put in
skandhaavaara acid in smelting vessel. It should
be boiled for 3 days in fire, and for 3 days in
electric heat. Then take the liquid and put it
in a bronze vessel, pour in shaaranika acid and
keep it in sun for 3 days. Then add pinjulee
acid and keep buried in earth for 5 days.
Afterwards add cowri acid, and boil in bhoodhara
yantra for one day. Then add mustard, and adding
borax acid and burning arjuna, myrabolan wood,
place it in brown-barked acacia cinders for 3
days. Then add wild liquorice acid and expose it
to the full moon rays on the 14th and 15 days.
The mica is to be then taken out and washed in
hot water. Then add wild corn, and pouring in
moss acid place it under earth for 6 days. Then
take out the mica, add roudri acid, place the
vessel in a big fire-place, and burn in 64 feet
of dried cowdung. Next taking out the mica put
it in sesamum oil for 1½ days, and expose to the
sun from morning to sundown. Then take out the
mica, wash it clean, put in bronze vessel with
salt-petre solution with dattoori or yellow
thistle seeds, place it in a heap of burning
kundalee or mollugo stricta leaves. Then take
out the mica, add dourvaarika acid and bake for
a day with hay-fire. Then put the mica in
benzoin acid for 3 days. Next add one-fourth as
much of camphor, and placing it in the churning
machine, churn for a day. Then placing it in
Simhaasya crucible cook with boiling water. Add
ranjaka or phosphorus acid, 3 palas or 12 tolas
of tankana or borax, 12 tolas of lime, 4 tolas
of soorana root or tacca, karkotaka 20 tolas,
vrishala or onion 28 tolas, koorma-tankanaka 8
palas or 32 tolas, rouhinaka or red sandal 40
tolas, shambara 80 tolas, muchukunda 12 tolas.
These cleaned and filled in the crucible, and
placed in simhamukha furnace filled with
charcoal, and melted with 800 degrees heat will
yield a metal shining like a precious stone,
very light, unbreakable, unburnable and
indestructible.
With that the vimaana is to be constructed.
We shall now consider the parts of the
vimaana: 2 feet thick and 3 feet high pillars,
painted in different colours and adorned with
pictures, should be prepared, and 80 of them
should be fixed in the spaces between the boats.
On the pillars 10 feet wide pattikas or sheets,
and of the same length as the boats, should be
fitted with screws, and two-faced hinges.
In order to accommodate crew and passengers
of the vimaana, and store luggage, rooms and
partitions should be constructed with
decorations. In order to provide secrecy, doors
should be provided as also ventilators.
Revolving wheels with necessary fittings and
switches should be fixed so that by putting on a
switch the rooms would revolve. Wheels should be
fixed in the lanes between the boats. Air-pipes
with wheels should be fixed. In order to ensure
supply of air, tubes with wheels, and bellows
with wide mouths, leaving 20 junctional centres,
should be fixed. In the front, two faced tubular
wheels should be fixed to dispel the air
downwards or upwards or side ways, at 30 feet
intervals from the aavrutta or enclosed pradesha
of the vimaana. At the bottom of the vimaana
metal balls with chain-wirings should be fixed
for operations in the course of flight.
The 1st floor will be 7 feet high, with the
roofing duly fixed with nalikaa-keelakas with 10
feet intervals. With 20 feet interval in the
middle, wires with beaked ends should be
attached to each keela. The fittings should be
such as to enable opening and shutting like an
umbrella. The cloth covering like a tent top
should cover the entire floor.
The second aavarana should be made of
trinetra metal.
Maharshi Bharadwaaja:
☞
"Taduparichaanyaha." Sootra 4.
"Another
above it."
Bodhaananda Vritti:
Having described the first floor above, now
the second floor is being described. The second
floor should be slightly smaller than the first
floor. If the first floor is 100 feet wide, the
second should be 80 feet wide. The floor should
be 80 feet wide, and 3 feet thick, and made of
trinetra metal. Its fittings should be like
those on the first floor, and be duly connected
with electric wiring from the generator.
In order to take the vimaana through water,
first the wheels at the bottom used for land
route should be drawn up, and in order to
prevent water coming up, the bottom should be
completely covered up with ksheeree-pata or milk
cloth. Four inches thick metal rods, 12 inches
long, to which wheels 1 foot wide and ½ foot
thick, and shaped like frog claws, are fixed,
should be adjusted on both sides of the dronee
or boat lines. Similarly in the front portion of
the vimaana, on both sides two such wheeled rods
should be fixed in order to divert water, By
switching on power the main wheels will revolve,
making all the wheels revolve, and expelling
water, and aiding the progress of the vimaana
forward.
For the supply of air inside, on the sides of
the 2nd floor, should be fixed, air pipes 6
inches wide and made of ksheeree pata or milk
cloth, cleaned with acid, from the partitions in
the 1st floor upto the top of the vimaana, their
tops being covered with revolving metal covers,
with air sucking pumps worked by power. The air
so pumped into the pipes will fill both the
second and 1st floors, and provide air comfort
for the crew and passengers of the vimaana.
Above the roofing of the two floors all
round, spreading out and closing up keelakas
should be fixed. So as to separate the floors,
foldable chain fittings should be fixed at 10
feet intervals. Wires from the electrical
generator should be connected to the fittings,
so that by their operation the floors will be
separated, and the separated floors
simultaneously move on land and in the air.
In the 2nd floor also cabins, partitions and
seating and doors and windows should be
constructed as attractively as in the first
floor. The enclosing walls of the floor should
be 7 feet high from its peetha, and half a foot
thick. In order to draw electric current from
the third floor two poles should be erected in
the back room with transmitter from which wires
will pass the current to the various fixtures on
the floor.
At the front of the vimaana a mast should be
erected. At its foot two bells made of bronze
should be fixed in order to indicate time to the
crew and passengers. In every room on the floor
alarm
chains, as in railways, should be fixed so
that the occupants may call for help in times of
danger. On hearing the call the crew will rush
to the room and attend to the requirements of
the passengers. Sound transmitter, image
transmitter, direction indicator, time-piece,
and cold and heat gauges should be installed on
either side of the floor, with necessary cable
connections.
Then in order to protect against excessive
wind currents, storms, and heat-waves, three
machines should be installed at the back, on
either side, and on both sides of the turret.
They are described in "Yantra Sarvasva" as
three-faced air protection yantra, solar-blaze
conditioning yantra, and rain storm protection
yantra. Their construction is given here as per
shaastras.
First, three-faced air force reducing yantra.
It must be made of Vaaruna Metal:
Vaaripanka, vishaari, borax, jaalikaa, mango,
vishodara, vaaripanchaka, kshaarasaptaka,
kshona, manjula or madder root, godhara,
vaarunaasyaka, paarvana or chlorodendrum
phlomoides, aruna, kaakatunda, bhoodhara,
vaarunaabhraka, natron, kundaaleemukha, lodhra
or benzoin, varikudmala or water flower,
shaarikaarasa, panchabaanasahodara, lead 5
parts, soorana or tacca, honey 8 parts, vaata,
kankanikodara, Sunda, anjana or eye-black,
kukkutaandaka, khaadira or brown-barked acacia,
loddhruka, simhikaa-mukha, koormajangha, and
masoorika or lentil, all these to be cleaned,
and filled in crucible, placed in padmamukha
furnace, and heated to 700 degrees with 5 faced
bellows, poured into equifying yantra and
churned, will yield a light, smoke-coloured,
impregnable vaaruna metal.
Then it is to be purified, according to
"Kriyaasaara." First, place it in shundeera acid
(great-leaved laburnum?) and boil for 3 days,
and then with kuttinee yantra beat it into flat
pattis, make thick decoction of soorana root or
tacca, and smear it to 1 inch thickness on it
and heat it for 3 yaamaas or 9 hours. Then
mritsaara, vaagura, opium, should be boiled
together for a day. The concoctions will become
red like lac. The metal patti should be smeared
with it and heated in the taapana yantra for a
yaama or 3 hours. Then keep it
in the sun for a day. Then kantaka or small
caltrap, heranda, dhavalodara, and chaaraka, and
gingelly should be mixed together, and the oil
extracted. The metal should be smeared with it
and kept in the sun for 3 days, and then heated
in the sun for a day. Then paste the gum of
kankola or cubeb pepper 1 inch thick, and stick
into it thumb-sized vaatakuthaaraka manis, place
in furnace of brown-barked acacia and cool for 9
hours. The metal will become like diamond.
Out of this a cover should be made for the
vimaana, with necessary fittings for spreading
over and folding up, connected with electric
wires drawn from inside the vimaana. The charge
of electricity will permeate all over, as well
as the manis on the pattika. Three serpent-faced
keelakas should be fixed. These will suck in the
fierce wind as it blows, and belch it out to the
upper regions, so that the wind force on the
vimaana will be curbed, and danger therefrom
averted.
The rain storm protection yantra should be
made of crowncha metal. Says "Kriyaasaara", The
metal that can destroy the dravapraanana force
of water is krowncha loha. Therefore the
varshopasamhaara yantra should be made out of
that alone.
Krowncha loha is described in "Mantra
Sarvasva" as follows: Jyotirmukha or
rose-coloured red-wort 8 parts, tryambaka or
copper 11 parts, humsa-tunda 12 parts, camphor 7
parts, tankana or borax 8 parts, sand 4 parts,
choorna or lime 12 parts, owrwaara or cucumber?,
ruruka 5 parts, patola or snake-gourd 27 parts,
and vaardhyushika or sea-foam 1 part, these to
be cleaned and placed in crucible, and heated in
padma furnace to 512 degrees with 3 faced
bellows, poured into churning yantra, and then
cooled, will yield, a metal, honey-coloured,
light, strong, rain-storm antidote, and
heat-impregnated. Extracting oil from the seeds
of basil, rukma or yellow thistle, punkha, red
wort, trijataa or bael, and pancha-kantaki or 5
thorny trees, the metal should be smeared and
heated. The metal is to be made into pattis with
kuttinee yantra, make pipes out of them 3 feet
wide of the same height as the vimaana, and fix
them properly all around. In front of the
vimaanaa-avarana also 3 feet high pipes should
be fixed with keelakas or hinges. The pipes
should be smeared with chana or gram decoction 1
inch thick. On that vajragarbha decoction or
triangular spurge milk should be
smeared thrice, which will make it hard as
diamond. On the pipes, at 12 inches intervals,
sinjeeta vajra should be smeared and heated by
fire. Then thumb-size panchaasya manis which
will counteract the effects of water, should be
imbedded on the smeared pipes. Then the pipes
with proper fittings at both ends should be
fixed on the 8 sides of the vimaana. Wires
proceeding from the electric generator should be
taken through glass tube and connected to the
pipes. When the current passes through them to
the panchaasya mani, the concentrated force in
it blending with the electric force will
fiercely oppose the forces of the rain storm and
disturb the atmosphere so as to dilute and
weaken the storm, and render it ineffective.
Therefore the varshopahaaraka yantra should be
fixed on the vimaana.
Sooryaathapopasamhaara yantra or the
burning-sun protection machine:
It is to be made out of the aathapaashana
loha. It is explained in Kriyaasaara:
Aatapaashana loha protects against burning sun.
Therefore Aatapa samhaara yantra should be made
with that metal. "Lohatantra" describes that
metal. Owrvaarika, kowshika, gaaruda,
soubhadraka, chaandrika, sarpanetra,
sringaataka, sowmyaka, chitraloha, vishvodara,
panchamukha, virinchi, these twelve metals
should be put in equal parts in padma-moosha
crucible. Borax 7 parts, chowlika 5 parts,
cowree salt 6 parts, kunjara 12 parts, sand 9
parts, camphor 4 parts, cardamom 16 parts,
powshnika 10 parts, should be added to them, and
placing it in nalikaa furnace heated to 725
degrees with mooshakaasya bhastrika bellows.
Then the liquid should be put in, the mixing
machine, and afterwards poured into the cooler.
The resulting alloy will be light, orange
coloured, heat proof, and unbreakable, for the
making of sooryaathapopasamhaara yantra, after
being duly purified, says Yantrasarvasva.
Kriyaasaara explains its purification:
Ashwaththa or sacred fig tree, mango,
plantain, aala or banyan, baadava or peepul,
trimukhee, trijata or bael, gunja or wild
liquorice, sherinee, onurberah, patolika or
snake gourd, the bark of these trees should be
powdered, should be filled in vessel with 10
times as much water, and boiled down to
one-tenth measure.
Then taking the 11 kinds of salts,
bidaa-lavana or table-salt, syndhava or
rock-salt, oushara or saline earth, budila salt,
maacheepatra salt or
solanum indicum?, praanakshaara panchaka, or
5 urine salts or ammonium chloride? and saamudra
or sea-salt, these eleven salts, should be
placed in dravaakarshana yantra or dehydration
machine and boiled. Taking the previous
decoction, add half as much this decoction, put
the aatapaashana metal in it and boil for 5
days, then wash with water, and anoint with
honey, and place in hot sun for 3 days, then
wash it, and use it for producing the yantra.
First pattikas should be made from the metal
with kuttinee yantra, 2 feet square, or circle,
and 3 feet thick. On that 3 pipes, 1 foot wide
and 5 feet high, should be fixed. Three
triangular glass bowls should be placed
underneath the pipes. In each of them one
prastha or seer of somadraavaka or white acacia
juice should be filled. In each vessel a heat
proof crystal of the 121st class should be
cleaned with acid and placed. Then an umbrella
shape 10 feet wide should be made out of the
metal, and fixed so as to cover the 3 pipes,
with revolving keelakas fixed half-a-foot
underneath the umbrella cover. Above that 3
kalasas, 3 feet wide and shaped like cooking
vessel, should be fixed. At their centre
circular chaalapattikas should be fixed. Upon
that three cold-diffusing crystals of the 185th
number, should be fixed. On them three black
mica wheels should be fixed. They should be
covered with chandrikaa toolikaa or white silk
cotton. On that should be placed a vessel with
acid of manjoosha or madder root, in which a
heat-resisting crystal is immersed. In the front
part the toothed mica wheels fitted with
bhraamanee-danda keelakas should be fixed. And
in order to revolve that keelaka 3 wheeled
keelaka should be fixed. By its motion the
umbrella will revolve disturbing the heat wave.
Then the heat-absorbing mica wheels will absorb
the heat, which, pas-sing down to the
madder-root acid, will become cold and get
extinguished. And the crew and passengers will
be saved from its evil effects.
The
Third Floor:
In erecting the 3rd floor of the vimaana, the
same procedure as was followed in erecting the
second floor should be followed. Like the
fixtures in the flooring of the 2nd aavarana and
roofing of the 1st aavarana, fixtures should be
put in connecting the roofing of the 2nd
aavarana and the peetha of the 3rd aavarana. The
peetha of the 3rd floor should be 5 feet less
than the peetha of the 2nd floor, and be
square or circular like it. The cabins,
doors, walls, and furniture on the 3rd floor
should be on the same lines as in the 2nd floor.
In the north eastern part of the 3rd floor, a
cabin should be prepared for housing the
electric generator. It should be made out of
somaanka loha.
Somaanka loha is explained in "Lohatantra" as
follows: Lead, panchaasya, and copper, 7 parts
each, Chumbaka or loadstone 9 parts, nalikaa or
Indian spikenard bark, sharaanika or rubus
salt?, and borax, in equal parts, to be filled
in sarpamukha crucible, and placed in naagakunda
furnace, filled with coal, and heated to 353
degrees with shashamukha bellows. After melting
the liquid should be filled in the mixer, and
after churning be poured out to cool. The
resulting metal will be a fine, light,
electricity-impregnated somaanka loha. Out of
that metal pattikas should be made with kuttinee
yantra, or hammering yantra.
A cradle-like vessel, 3 feet wide and 8 feet
high, should be made out of it, and be covered
with a pattika with hinges. On the eastern and
northern part of the cover two holes 1½ feet
wide should be made. The cradle should be fixed
in the electric cabin. Below the holes, two
peethas should be fixed in the cradle. Two
vessels 2 feet wide and 4 feet high should be
prepared. Eight goblets 6 inches wide and 1 foot
high should be made, and 4 each should be placed
in the two vessels, in their four corners. In
the middle of the 4 goblets, a big goblet should
be placed so as to contact all the four. 2
vessels covered with patties having 5 holes
should be placed inside the 2 holes in the
cradle cover. Teethed churners 5 inches in size,
8 inches in height, like those of sugarcane
machines, 8 in number, should be placed in the 8
goblets in the two vessels in the cradle. 2
churners, bigger than these should be placed in
the two central goblets beneath the two holes.
Fixtures should be fixed on the central churner
so that by their turning all the other churners
will turn.
The procedure for extracting electricity out
of solar rays is as follows. 8 naalas or tubes
should be prepared out of the 192nd kind of
amshupa glass. The naalas should be fixed on the
4 corners of each vessel. Panchamukhi karnikaas
should be placed on them, filled with
rukmapunkhaa shana, and with electric crystals
in them. Covering them
with the amshupaa glass cover, 5 spires
should be formed on it. The top of each spire
should be like an open beak, and in it should be
inserted sinjeeraka crystal and amshupaa
crystal. On the central spire amshu-mitra mani
should be fixed. Above the 4 crystals should be
fixed 4 glass tubes made of kiranaakarshana
glass, 6 inches wide and 3 feet high. On them
should be carefully fixed 4 feet-wide-mouthed
vessels, acid cleaned. They should be filled
with Rudrajataa-vaala or aristolochia indica
linn. Revolving ghutikas should be placed in
their centre. The ghutikaas will attract the
solar rays and send them through the tubes. The
crystals in the spire beaks will suck them in.
So does the shinjeera crystal inside, as also
the amshu-mitra crystal. The power will be
absorbed by the glass-covering, and sent to the
electric crystal. Then the karnikas inside will
receive it and send down to the central tube
with force. When the central churner revolves
the other churners also revolve. The power will
enter the acid, and the crystals in it will
whirl with great speed, intensifying the power
force to the extent of 1080 linkas. That force
should be collected by the ganapa-yantra in
front of the cradle, and stored in the central
storage.
The Ganapa-yantra is a machine shaped like
Vighneshwara, 1 foot broad, and 3 feet high.
From its head a tubular projection like
elephant's trunk, covered with glass and with
wires inside should be fixed at the front of the
cradle, and connected to the Ganapa image from
the neck to the navel. Three-inch toothed wheels
should be so fixed that a big wheel at the neck
of the image, by force of the current coming
through the trunk or proboscis will whirl,
setting the other wheels in motion. A coil of
wire should be placed in the centre. On it a
sapta-shashthi shankha or conch called simhikaa
should be placed, with covering made of
kravyaada metal. 5 spoonfuls of jeevaavaka acid
(ditamine?) should be filled in the conch, and
217
bhaamukha graamukha manis or beads should be
placed inside. 5 umbrellas, 2 inches wide,
should be made, and 5 sun-crystals of the size
of big liquorice, should be stuck on them. The
umbrellas should be fixed on the conch, with
amshupa glass covering. This should attract the
force of the sun rays, and pass to the crystals
on the umbrellas, making the crystals and the
umbrellas whirl with fierce force of 1000
linkas, and the force passing to the acid in the
conch and the crystal inside, will thence pass
westwards, and could be transmitted through
wires for any desired use. To measure its exact
force a meter should be fixed in, along with
thermometer and other needful equipments.
THE GROUND WHEELS
When the vimaana has to move on the ground,
the electric current is switched on the electric
motor in the hub of each wheel, thus causing the
rim to revolve and move the vimaana.
But when entering water the wheels are drawn
in by the movements of toothed segment and the
pinion, the latter being revolved by an electric
motor attached to the shaft. The openings in the
bottom of the vimaana are closed by the sliding
covers moved by the rack and pinion arrangement,
the pinion being worked by an electric motor.
The movements of the hinged joints of the
folding links will raise or lower the second
floor over the first floor.
ELECTRIC GENERATOR
Two jars are placed on the peetha or stand.
Each jar contains five cups filled with acids.
Each cup has a churning rod with gear-wheels
connected together. The wheels are revolved by
hand while starting, and by the generated
electric power afterwards. A darpana or mirror
and gharshana manis are fixed above the gear
wheels. The darpana and the manis absorb the
sun's energy and transmit it to the acid cups.
The acids, being churned, convert the absorbed
energy into electric current, which will pass
through the pancha-mukhee naala, or
five-way-switch, to different points, and work
the machines there.
The electric motor consists of a loop of fine
wire coil, with a fine wire cage in the centre.
The current from the generator is brought to the
wire coil through a glass tube. Suitable wheels
are attached to the wire cage to connect to the
churning gears of the generator or the shaft of
the pinion.
The Simhika shankha on the top of the motor
contains an acid and the bhaamukha-graahinee
mani or crystal. Five rods with amshupaamitra
manis are fitted to the top of the shankha, and
toothed wheels are fitted to these rods to
revolve together and rub against the inner
surface of amshupaa mirror at the top. The solar
power absorbed by the mirror is stored in the
shankha, and given out by the bhaamukha
graahinee mani to the various motors in the
vimaana.
Thus concludes the description of Tripura
Vimaana.
And
that brings us to the end of the WONDER
MANUSCRIPT
left behind for the edification of Mankind
by the venerable mystic
ANEKAL SUBRAAYA SASTRI whose
occult powers visualised this much from the
"VYMAANIKA SHAASTRA" section of the giant
"YANTRA SARVASVA"
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